Across
- 5. A permanent, patient- or batch-specific document that details the actual preparation of a compounded product, including ingredients, lot numbers, amounts, equipment, dates, and the person who prepared and verified it.
- 12. Solution- A sterile parenteral product in a container typically 100 mL or less (e.g., 50 mL or 100 mL minibags, vials, ampules) used for intermittent infusions or admixtures.
- 13. A drug or agent that prevents or inhibits the growth of malignant cells and is used in chemotherapy to treat cancer.
- 14. Vial- A vial that contains more than one dose of medication and includes a preservative; it can be entered multiple times within a defined beyond-use date.
- 15. compatibility- The ability of two or more substances (e.g., a drug and an IV solution or container) to be mixed or stored together without reacting, degrading, precipitating, or forming harmful products.
- 16. The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration until equilibrium is approached.
- 19. A sterile liquid (such as normal saline or sterile water) used to reconstitute a powder or dilute a drug to the desired concentration or volume.
- 21. A specialized area of pharmacy that prepares, handles, and dispenses radiopharmaceuticals containing radioactive isotopes for diagnostic imaging and therapy, under strict radiation-safety and sterile-compounding standards.
- 22. The total number of osmotic particles per liter of solution, typically expressed as milliosmoles per liter (mOsm/L), reflecting solute concentration in a volume of fluid.
- 26. The process of filling IV tubing or a filter set with fluid before connecting it to a patient, which removes air from the line and wets all internal surfaces.
- 27. IV Line- An intravenous catheter inserted into a small peripheral vein (typically in the hand or arm) used for short-term or less-concentrated IV fluids and medications.
- 28. A needle that contains a small in-line filter, used when withdrawing medication from glass ampules or suspensions to remove glass shards or particulate matter.
Down
- 1. Vial- A vial intended for one-time use that does not contain preservatives and must be discarded after a single puncture or within a short time per guidelines.
- 2. A technique used when withdrawing medication (especially hazardous drugs) from a vial in which slightly less air is injected than the volume withdrawn so that internal vial pressure is lower than atmospheric, minimizing aerosolization or leakage.
- 3. A sterile 0.9% sodium chloride solution in water that is approximately isotonic with blood and commonly used as an IV fluid and drug diluent.
- 4. A chemical added to multi-dose drug products to inhibit microbial growth and extend the product’s usable life after first puncture.
- 6. A numeric scale (0–14) that indicates how acidic or basic a solution is, with 7 being neutral, lower values acidic, and higher values basic; important for drug stability and compatibility.
- 7. The number of drops per milliliter delivered by an IV tubing set (e.g., 10 gtt/mL, 60 gtt/mL), used to calculate manual IV flow rates.
- 8. A specific quantity of a drug or product made in one manufacturing run under the same conditions, intended to have uniform quality and characteristics.
- 9. A one-handed technique for recapping needles in which the cap is placed on a flat surface and the needle tip is “scooped” into the cap, reducing the risk of needlestick injury.
- 10. A prepared set of materials (e.g., absorbent pads, PPE, neutralizing or deactivating agents, disposal bags) used to safely contain, clean, and dispose of hazardous drug or chemical spills.
- 11. The speed at which IV fluid or medication is administered, commonly expressed in mL/hour or, for some drugs, in units such as mcg/kg/min.
- 16. Pressure- The pressure that must be applied to a solution to prevent the net movement of water by osmosis; it reflects the solution’s tendency to draw water across a semipermeable membrane.
- 17. Nutrition- A parenteral nutrition formula given through a peripheral vein, formulated with lower osmolarity than central TPN to reduce vein irritation and used for short-term or partial nutritional support
- 18. A description of a solution’s effective osmotic pressure relative to body fluids, classified as isotonic, hypotonic, or hypertonic, which predicts fluid shifts across cell membranes.
- 20. A scored or weakened ring around the neck of certain ampules or vials that indicates where the glass should be broken to open the container.
- 22. The extra volume of solution intentionally added by manufacturers to IV containers to ensure the labeled volume can be withdrawn and to account for tubing and container losses.
- 23. A sealed glass container that holds a sterile injectable solution, opened by snapping the neck at a scored line and always accessed with a filter needle to avoid glass particles.
- 24. A technique for withdrawing solution from a vial under pressure by alternately adding small amounts of air and withdrawing fluid in small increments to maintain control and reduce spray or coring.
- 25. Parenteral- A sterile IV solution in a container typically greater than 100 mL (commonly 250–1000 mL), such as 0.9% sodium chloride or dextrose solutions used for hydration and continuous infusions.