Across
- 8. Hepatitis C is caused by the hepatitis C virus, or HCV, and is transmitted by blood and blood- containing body fluids.
- 10. A pandemic exists when the outbreak of disease occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a high proportion of the population.
- 14. Transmission-based precautions are a method or technique of caring for patients who have Precaution communicable diseases
- 15. Hepatitis B, or serum hepatitis, is caused by the HBV virus and is transmitted by blood, serum, and other body secretions. It affects the liver and can lead to the destruction and scarring of liver cells.
- 18. A sterile object must never touch a nonsterile object. If other objects are in the way, it is easy to contaminate sterile articles. If sterile articles touch the skin or any part of your clothing, they are no longer sterile.
- 19. Viruses are the smallest microorganisms, visible only using an electron microscope
- 20. Portal of entry: a way for the infectious agent to enter a new reservoir or host.
- 21. Ultrasonic units are used in many dental and medical offices and in other health agencies to remove dirt, debris, blood, saliva, and tissue from a large variety of instruments before sterilizing them.
- 24. Protective isolation is used mainly for immunocompromised patients, or those whose body defenses are not capable of protecting them from infections and disease.
- 25. Personal protective equipment (PPE) is used to provide protection from the pathogen. Some transmission-based precautions require the use of gowns, gloves, face shields, and masks
Down
- 1. a person likely to get an infection or disease, usually because body defenses are weak.
- 2. This is a process that destroys all microorganisms, both pathogenic and nonpathogenic, including spores and viruses.
- 3. A microorganism, or microbe, is a small, living organism that is not visible to the naked eye. It must be viewed under a microscope. Microorganisms are found everywhere in the environment, including on and in the human body.
- 4. Reservoir: an area where the infectious agent can live; some common reservoirs include the human body, animals, the environment, and fomites, or objects contaminated with infectious material that contains the pathogens.
- 5. Many microorganisms are part of the normal flora (plant life adapted for living in a specific environment) of the body and are beneficial in maintaining certain body processes.
- 6. Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) developed a set of common sense practices called standard precautions to prevent the spread of infection. The standards have been updated frequently. These standards are meant to protect health care providers and patients from disease transmission.
- 7. Rickettsiae are parasitic microorganisms, which means they cannot live outside the cells of another living organism.
- 9. Taking immediate
- 11. A parasite is an organism that lives in or on an organism of another species (its host) and benefits by getting nutrients at the host's expense.
- 12. Portal of exit: a way for the infectious agent to escape from the reservoir in which it has been growing.
- 13. Other microorganisms cause infection and disease and are called pathogens, or germs.
- 16. Mode of transmission: a way that the infectious agent can be transmitted to another reservoir or host where it can live.
- 17. Sterile means free from all organisms, both pathogenic and nonpathogenic, including spores and viruses.
- 22. a pathogen, such as a bacterium or virus that can cause a disease
- 23. Protozoa are one-celled animal-like organisms often found in decayed materials, animal or bird feces, insect bites, and contaminated water