Across
- 3. (Type II): A type of dental gypsum characterized by larger, irregular particles, making it weaker and more porous, commonly used for diagnostic casts.
- 4. The powdered form of gypsum (calcium sulfate hemihydrate, CaSO₄·½H₂O) produced by calcination, which reacts with water to form the set gypsum product.
- 5. Dental casts used to fabricate dental appliances such as orthodontic retainers, bleaching trays, and dentures.
- 8. A technique for fabricating dental casts where a single mix of gypsum is used to pour both the anatomic and art portions.
- 10. Waxes A classification of dental waxes used in various auxiliary steps during the fabrication of dental restorations or appliances.
- 12. (Working Time): The period immediately after mixing gypsum where the material is still flowable and can be manipulated into the impression.
- 14. The point at which a gypsum product has completely hardened and the exothermic reaction has cooled, indicating it is safe to separate from the impression.
- 15. A technique for fabricating dental casts that involves using two separate gypsum mixes, one for the anatomic portion and a second for the art portion.
- 17. A property of waxes referring to their ability to deform under stress, particularly at varying temperatures.
- 20. The property of a substance to dissolve in a solvent. Set gypsum products have minimal solubility, but plaster is more soluble than stone due to its porosity.
- 22. The ability of a liquid to spread over a surface and flow into its intricacies; important for reproduction of detail in gypsum casts.
- 23. A chemical reaction that releases heat. The setting of gypsum is an exothermic reaction.
- 25. A wetting agent sprayed on some impression materials (like silicone) to improve the flow and wetting of gypsum, reducing voids and bubbles.
- 28. Highly accurate replicas of individual teeth, typically made from high-strength gypsum, used for fabricating crowns and bridges. Dimensional Accuracy: The ability of a gypsum product to maintain its precise dimensions during setting and over time, crucial for accurate dental models.
- 29. A visual indicator during the setting of gypsum that signifies the end of the working time and the beginning of the initial set.
Down
- 1. The chemical form of natural gypsum, which is calcium sulfate with two molecules of water (CaSO₄·2H₂O).
- 2. A classification of dental waxes used to create the desired shape or form of a dental restoration before casting.
- 6. A classification of dental waxes used for taking impressions.
- 7. The process of heating natural gypsum to convert it into a hemihydrate powder, which is the form used in dental gypsum products.
- 9. The ability of a gypsum product to accurately capture the fine anatomical features of an impression.
- 10. The specific proportion of gypsum powder to water required for optimal mixing and setting properties, critical for strength and accuracy.
- 11. A mineral that is chemically a dihydrate of calcium sulfate, widely used in dentistry for making casts and models.
- 13. Diagnostic casts used to plan treatment and observe the structures of the mouth.
- 16. A technique for pouring dental casts, particularly for dentures, where wax is used to create a wall around the impression to form the base.
- 18. The slight increase in volume that occurs as gypsum hardens, which needs to be controlled for dimensional accuracy.
- 19. The base of a dental cast, providing stability and often contributing to the overall aesthetic of the model.
- 21. The tendency of a material to change in volume in response to temperature changes, a property of waxes that needs to be considered in dental applications.
- 24. The part of a dental cast that replicates the hard and soft structures of the mouth.
- 26. The temperature range over which a wax softens and melts, rather than a single melting point.
- 27. A measure of a fluid's resistance to flow. As gypsum sets, its viscosity increases.