Ch 20 Sec 1 Vocab

3. Isaac Newton – English scientist who formulated the laws of motion and universal gravitation
7. Revolution – A period of major scientific change in the 1500s and 1600s that changed how people understood the natural world.
8. Copernicus – Polish astronomer who proposed the heliocentric (sun-centered) model of the solar system
10. – The careful watching and recording of events or phenomena.
15. – The process of conducting tests to explore scientific ideas.
16. Theory – The belief that Earth is the center of the universe.
17. Theory – The belief that the Sun is at the center of the solar system.
18. – The force explained by Newton that pulls objects toward each other.

1. – Basic ideas or rules that explain how something works or should be done
2. – Explanations developed through observations and evidence, used to understand how things work
4. – Clear and sound reasoning used to form conclusions.
5. – The belief that reason and logic are the primary sources of knowledge
6. – Ancient Greek thinker who taught that the Earth was the center of the universe7th Grade World History….
9. – A decision or judgment based on observation and experimentation.
11. – An instrument used by Galileo to study planets and moons, making distant objects appear closer.
12. Galilei – Italian scientist who improved the telescope and provided evidence supporting the heliocentric model
13. Method – A step-by-step process for performing experiments and making observations to answer questions
14. Kepler – German astronomer who discovered that planets move in elliptical (oval-shaped) orbits
17. – A proposed explanation made as a starting point for investigation.