Ch. 8 Vocab

1. :strong, supporting layer around the cell membrane in some cells
6. :unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus
7. :basic unit of life
9. :cell organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use
11. :specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a eukaryotic cell
13. :internal membrane system found in eukaryotic cells; place where lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled
14. :diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
16. :cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates
18. :organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
19. :in cells, the structure that contains the cell's genetic material in the form of DNA
20. :network of protein filaments within some cells that helps the cell maintain its shape and is involved in many forms of cell movement

2. :flexible double-layered sheet that makes up the cell membrane and forms a barrier between the cell and its surroundings
3. :structure in an animal cell that helps to organize cell division
4. :in eukaryotic cells, all cellular contents outside the nucleus; in prokaryotic cells, all of the cells' contents
5. Membrane :thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell
8. :cell organelle consisting of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm in a cell
10. :the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
12. :organelle in cells that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other materials from the endoplasmic reticulum for storage in the cell or release outside the cell
15. :cell organelle that breaks down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins into small molecules that can be used by the rest of the cell
17. :organism whose cells contain a nucleus