Across
- 1. The shared derived character of all true plants, which gives the true plants their namesake.
- 6. one evolutionary advantage of flowers is that they bring the male and female gametes into close proximity, allowing for higher probability of _________, in plants that can self-pollinate
- 8. the group of fungi covered in class that do not produce mushrooms, and which have only a very brief, transient heterokaryotic stage
- 9. This tissue found in plants is responsible for movement of water and sugars throughout the plants; the evolution of which allowed for increased height and the development of roots.
- 13. The dominant “generation” observed in nature of mosses, and other non-vascular plants
- 16. The nutritional mode in which fungi acquire nutrition by killing living cells
- 17. an adaptation of many plants consisting of an embryo (developing sporophyte) packing with stored food, in a protection coat.
- 18. __________ fungi form symbiotic associates with plants, enhancing plant nutrient acquisition. This symbiosis is believed to have facilitated the colonization of land by plants.
- 19. the step of syngamy (fertilization) which involves the fusion of nuclei
- 20. the group of fungi covered in class that do not have a known sexual cycle.
- 23. the name for photosynthetic eukaryotes, other than plants
- 24. The general term for a fungal infection in animals
- 27. A specialized hypha which serves as a site of nutrient acquisition and transfer
- 28. A fungus that acquires nutrition from nonliving organic material, recycling nutrients in the environment, is referred to as a _____________.
- 30. The type of fungal hyphae which includes cross walls to protect the hypha from invasion and damage.
- 31. The nutritional mode in which fungi acquire nutrition from living cells
- 33. fungi are __________, in that they do not produce their own food, but acquire it from external sources
- 36. the genetic complement of the sporophyte generation
- 38. the group of fungi covered in class that produce reproductive structures known as mushrooms, and which can spend much of their life cycle in the heterokaryotic state
- 40. the “female” part of a flower, which is composed of a stigma, style, and ovary
Down
- 2. This stage of a heterosporous life cycle arises from a spore, and is responsible for producing male gametes.
- 3. The theory that explains the plant transition to the sporophyte dominant life cycle by way of transition from alternation of isomorphic generations
- 4. The theory that explains the evolution of true leaves (aka megaphylls, euphylls)
- 5. symbiotic associates between photosynthetic microorganisms and fungi, primarily of the Ascomycetes
- 7. Referring to the condition in which plants produce two different kinds of spores: microspores, and megaspores; which develop into different gametophytes.
- 10. the condition in which fungi harbor two separate haploid nuclei in the same cell, unfused.
- 11. the genetic complement of the gametophyte generation
- 12. The “body” of a fungus, which is composed of a densely branched network of hyphae
- 14. The dominant “generation” observed in nature, of ferns and other vascular plants
- 15. In heterosporous plants, this spore line starts with a sporocyte, and eventually results in production of an egg.
- 18. This stage of a heterosporous life cycle arises from a sporocyte, and develops into an egg producing generation.
- 21. A fungus that interacts with other organisms in such a way that both organisms benefit from the interaction
- 22. The unicellular growth form of fungi, is referred to as _________.
- 25. the “male” part of a flower, which is composed of an anther and filament
- 26. small leaf-like projections of photosynthetic tissue which include extensions of vasculature, but are not true leaves
- 29. Referring to the condition in which plants produce a single kind of spore that typically develops into a bisexual gametophyte
- 32. In heterosporous plants, this spore line starts with a sporocyte, and eventually results in production of sperm.
- 34. The theory that mitochondria and chloroplasts originated as prokaryotic cells engulfed by a host cell.
- 35. The nutritional mode in which fungi acquire nutrition from living cells, and then transition to a stage in which they acquire nutrition by killing living cells.
- 37. The theory that explains the plant transition to the sporophyte dominant life cycle by way of interruption of an existing cycle, by mitosis at the zygote stage.
- 39. signaling molecules produced by fungi to communicate their mating types