chapter 10 Q

4. Resistance The ability of bacteria to survive and multiply despite the presence of antimicrobial drugs designed to kill them.
5. of Inhibition (ZOI) A clear area surrounding an antimicrobial disk where bacterial growth has been prevented.
7. Natural antimicrobial substances produced by microorganisms such as bacteria or fungi that kill or inhibit other microbes.
8. The ratio comparing a drug’s toxic dose to its effective dose, used to evaluate the safety of the drug.
11. An organism that harbors another organism such as a pathogen or parasite.
12. A permanent change in the DNA sequence of an organism that may lead to new traits such as drug resistance.
13. The degree of pathogenicity or ability of a microorganism to cause disease.
14. The use of a drug or treatment to prevent infection before it occurs.
15. Antibiotics that target a limited range of specific bacteria.

1. A virus that infects and destroys bacteria.
2. The introduction of microorganisms into a culture medium to begin growth.
3. The ability of a drug to kill or inhibit microorganisms while causing little or no damage to the host’s cells.
6. The process of growing microorganisms in a controlled laboratory environment.
9. A microorganism capable of causing disease in a host.
10. Microorganisms that normally live on or in the human body without causing disease.