Across
- 2. A device used to determine the heat associated with a chemical or physical change.
- 5. The study of energy.
- 8. Energy due to the motion of the object.
- 9. The ability to do work or to produce heat.
- 10. A property of a system that does not depend on the pathway.
- 12. Force acting over a distance.
- 14. Sum of the kinetic and potential energies of all particles in the system.
- 15. The process by which an atmosphere warms a planet.
- 18. The energy of the universe is constant.
- 19. Flow of energy due to a temperature difference.
- 21. Measure of the random motion (average kinetic energy) of the components of a substance.
- 22. Refers to a process in which energy (as heat) flows out of the system into the surroundings.
Down
- 1. Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be converted from one from to another.
- 3. At constant pressure, a change in ________ is equal to the energy flow as heat.
- 4. A thick, dark liquid composed mostly of hydrocarbon compounds.
- 6. A solid fossil fuel mostly consisting of carbon.
- 7. A gaseous fossil fuel, mostly consisting of methane (with some ethane, propane, and butane) and usually associated with petroleum deposit.
- 11. The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one Celsius degree.
- 13. The change in enthalpy in going from a given set of reactants to a given set of products does not depend on the number of steps in the reaction.
- 16. The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one Celsius degree.
- 17. Fuel that consists of carbon-based molecules derived from the decomposition of once-living organisms.
- 20. Refers to a process in which energy (as heat) flows from the surroundings into the system.