Chapter 1.1

10. a variable that decreases as cells grow, so that it sets a limit to the size of cells.
11. metric prefix 1/100th or 1 × 10–2.
12. an approach to science that holds that a complex system can be best understood as the sum of its parts, and that variables can be studied in isolation.
13. metric prefix 1 × 10–6.
14. bar a means of visually indicating the magnification of an image.
16. the alteration of a cell’s morphology and physiology through changes in gene expression.
17. in behavioural science, the behaviour that is the consequence of a stimulus.
18. a group of cells with a common function and structure.
20. metric prefix 1 × 10–3.
22. the synthesis of a functional gene product, often protein, but also rRNA, tRNA, or snRNA.
23. a property of a system that emerges from the interaction of the elements of the system.

1. genus of single-celled ciliated organisms.
2. the sum of all of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism or within a cell.
3. the part of the microscope that gathers light from the specimen and focuses it to produce a real image.
4. a level of organization that emerges due to the interaction of elements.
5. an increase in physical size.
6. theory theory that states that all organisms are composed of cells, and that all cells come from pre-existing cells.
7. metric prefix 1 × 10–9.
8. ratio of image size to actual size.
9. the process in which an organism regulates activities within cells and their bodies to keep conditions stable.
15. a degenerative eye disease that has been the target of stem cell research.
19. a relatively undifferentiated cell that can give rise to other types of cells and retains the ability to divide.
21. dial used to initially focus a light microscope on a specimen.