Chapter 11 Key Terms

3. The view that the low rates of crime and delinquency among females reflect the leniency with which female offenders are treated.
4. The belief that capital punishment creates an atmosphere of brutality that enhances, rather than reduces, the level of violence in society. The death penalty reinforces the view that violence is an appropriate response to provocation.
8. The action or practice of awarding each person his or her just due. Sanctions based on equity seek to compensate individual victims and the general society for their losses due to crime.
10. ________ sentence: A term of incarceration with a stated minimum and maximum length, such as a sentence to prison for a period of from three to 10 years. The prisoner is eligible for parole after the minimum sentence has been served. Based on the belief that sentences should fit the criminal, indeterminate sentences allow individualized sentences and provide for sentencing flexibility. Judges can set a high minimum to override the purpose of the indeterminate sentence.
11. ________guidelines: A set of standards that defines parameters for trial judges to follow in their sentencing decisions.
13. The requirement that a search warrant state precisely where the search is to take place and what items are to be seized.
14. The philosophy of justice asserting that those who violate the rights of others deserve to be punished. The severity of punishment should be commensurate with the seriousness of the crime.

1. _______ sentence: Prison sentences for two or more criminal acts, served one after the other.
2. _______sentence: A fixed term of incarceration, such as three years’ imprisonment. Determinate sentences are felt by many to be too restrictive for rehabilitative purposes; the advantage is that offenders know how much time they have to serve—that is, when they will be released.
5. The policy of keeping dangerous criminals in confinement to eliminate the risk of their repeating their offense in society.
6. _______sentences: Prison sentences for two or more criminal acts, served simultaneously and run together.
7. _______deterrence: A crime control policy that depends on the fear of criminal penalties. General deterrence measures, such as long prison sentences for violent crimes, are aimed at convincing the potential law violator that the pains associated with the crime outweigh the benefits.
9. _______deterrence: A crime control policy suggesting that punishment should be severe enough to convince convicted offenders never to repeat their criminal activity.
12. _______sentence: A statutory requirement that a certain penalty shall be set and carried out in all cases upon conviction for a specified offense or series of offenses.