Chapter 12 Vocab

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Across
  1. 3. & Second generation pesticides arsenic, mercury, lead; composed of synthetic organic compounds
  2. 5. Integrated Pest Management
  3. 6. when fertile land turns into desert caused by overgrazing and drought
  4. 8. intensive agriculture farmers increase their inputs of human and draft-animal labor, fertilizer, and water to obtain higher crop yields.
  5. 9. the creation of flat areas on mountain slopes for the purpose of farming
  6. 10. vs. Green Manure green manure is made from animal-based waste products such as urine and feces
  7. 12. farming raising marine and freshwater fish in ponds and underwater cages
  8. 14. conservation strategies a "combination" of practices used to protect the soil from degradation
  9. 15. Pest Control the use of certain organisms by humans to eliminate or control pests.
  10. 17. growing several crops on the same plot simultaneously
  11. 20. input agriculture see industrialized agriculture.
  12. 22. lack of proper nutrition, caused by not having enough food or not eating enough food containing substances necessary for growth and health.
  13. 23. an area with a large population of valuable ocean organisms
  14. 25. excess energy or nutrients
  15. 27. modified organisms (crops and food) crops that carry new traits that have been inserted through advanced genetic engineering methods
  16. 28. pesticides synthetic pesticides typically used in conventional agriculture
  17. 29. tillage farming crop cultivation in which the soil is disturbed little or not at all in an effort to reduce soil erosion, lower labor costs, and save energy
Down
  1. 1. Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation
  2. 2. the intrusive recollection of events that we wish we could forget
  3. 4. revolution (first and second) rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology, especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers.
  4. 7. agriculture using large inputs of energy from fossil fuels (especially oil and natural gas), water, fertilizer, and pesticides to produce large quantities of crops and livestock for domestic and foreign sale.
  5. 11. cropping cultivation in which different crops are sown in alternate strips to prevent soil erosion.
  6. 13. salinization in arid regions, water evaporates leaving salts behind. (ex. Fertile crescent, southwestern US)
  7. 16. cropping/agroforestry planting of crops in strips with rows of trees or shrubs on each side.
  8. 18. farming a soil conservation method in which furrows are plowed across a hillside, perpendicular to its slope
  9. 19. subsistence agriculture production of enough crops or livestock for a farm family's survival and, in good years, a surplus to sell or put aside for hard times.
  10. 21. wasting, stunting,
  11. 24. the cultivation of a single crop in a given area.
  12. 26. agriculture production of crops without the use of synthetic pesticides or fertilizers