Chapter 16.4 Phototransduction, Audition, and Equilibrium

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Across
  1. 3. funnel-shaped, visible part of the ear; made of elastic cartilage; protects ear entry and directs sound waves
  2. 7. ___ tube; also called the auditory tube; passage from middle ear to nasopharynx that allows for air to equalize pressure on either side of eardrum
  3. 10. one of two membranous parts of the vestibule; deals with static equilibrium
  4. 12. auditory ___; any of three tiny bones found in the middle ear that amplify sound waves and transmit them to the oval window
  5. 15. a type of photoreceptor; concetrated at fovea centralis; activated by high intensity light, allows color vision; sharp image, but only in bright light
  6. 16. ___ labyrinth; membrane-lined, fluid-filled tubes within another labyrinth; contains receptors for hearing and equilibrium
  7. 19. the process of turning light energy into sensory signals
  8. 20. ___ labyrinth; maze-like space within temporal bone
  9. 21. a type of photoreceptor; longer and narrower than cones, more numerous type; highly sensitive, activated by even dim light; sensitivity to dim light, but blurry image
  10. 22. tiny bone attaches to the medial surface of the eardrum; resembles a hammer; supported during loud sounds by the tensor tympani
  11. 23. intercellular fluid within the membrane-lined labyrinth; rich in potassium ions
Down
  1. 1. ___ membrane; the eardrum; funnel-shaped epithelial sheet separating outer and middle ear that vibrates when sound waves hit it
  2. 2. ear wax; prevent microorganism growth
  3. 3. the sense of hearing; main sensory organ is the ear, which uses the vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)
  4. 4. one of two membranous parts of the vestibule; deals with linear acceleration
  5. 5. ___ canals; area of the inner ear that supports equilibrium; fluid-filled ducts detect angular acceleration via posterior, anterior, or horizontal movement
  6. 6. tiny bone resembling an anvil and set between the other two ear bones
  7. 8. awareness and monitoring of the position of the head; balance; monitored by the vestibular apparatus of the inner ear
  8. 9. area of the inner ear that houses membranous cochlear duct
  9. 11. area of the inner ear that contains two sac-like, membranous parts that are interconnected and positioned at right angles
  10. 13. interstitial fluid that fills labyrinth within temporal bone
  11. 14. oval or round ___; membrane-covered openings that separate the middle and inner ear
  12. 15. ear ___; also called the external acoustic meatus; contains ceruminous gland
  13. 17. tiny bone that resembles the stirrup of a saddle; disc-like foot plate fits into oval window; supported by the stapedius during loud sounds
  14. 18. spacious area of the ear found within the petrous part of temporal bone