Across
- 2. Alcohol made by converting starches and sugars from plant material into alcohol and CO2. C2H5OH
- 7. Series of electron carrier proteins that shuttle high-energy electrons during ATP-generating reactions
- 9. A three-carbon alcohol to which fatty acids are covalently bonded to make fats and oils.
- 10. Decomposition of fats
- 11. Heat exchange between two solid materials in direct contact
- 13. A small, very toxic molecule (NH3) produced by nitrogen fixation or as a metabolic waste product of protein and nucleic acid metabolism.
- 18. Energy that is radiated or transmitted in the form of rays or waves or particles.
- 20. Reduced form of FAD, carries electrons.
- 21. Amount of energy needed to raise temperature 1 gram of water 1 degree C
- 22. A three-carbon molecule formed from glucose in anaerobic glycolysis
- 24. Second stage of cellular respiration, in which pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions
- 27. The chemical structure that remains after deamination of an amino acid. An organic acid that contains a carbonyl group
- 29. A droplet of fat present in the blood or lymph after absorption from the small intestine.
- 30. Metabolic Rate The rate at which the body burns energy when the organism is resting
- 31. The chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life.
- 32. The form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues. When its level is low, we feel hunger.
- 33. The removal of an amino group from an amino acid
Down
- 1. The change of state from a liquid to a gas
- 3. The formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources, such as amino acids.
- 4. The breakdown of glucose by enzymes, releasing energy and pyruvic acid.
- 5. Produced in muscle cells from the reduction of pyruvate (under anaerobic conditions) to regenerate NAD+ so that glycolysis can continue. A rise in _______ usually accompanies an increase in physical activity.
- 6. Process that does not require oxygen
- 8. Is formed when pyruvate first enters into the mitochondria via active transport.
- 9. Breakdown of glycogen into glucose
- 11. A form of potential energy that is stored in chemical bonds between atoms.
- 12. An energy-rich compound made up of a single molecule of glycerol and three molecules of fatty acid.
- 14. An energy-carrying coenzyme produced by glycolysis and the Krebs cycle. It carries energy to the electron transport chain, where it is stored in ATP.
- 15. Process that requires oxygen
- 16. The metabolic formation of fat
- 17. Unbranched carbon chains that make up most lipids
- 19. Main energy source that cells use for most of their work
- 23. Four-carbon molecule that combines with acetyl CoA.
- 25. Metabolic pathways that break down molecules, releasing energy.
- 26. Metabolic pathways that construct molecules, requiring energy.
- 28. Metabolic Rate The total amount of energy, expressed in calories, used by the body per day
- 29. The transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid