Across
- 5. The nickname Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte was called.
- 7. The 38 German states were called this. Austria and Prussia were the two greatest powers.
- 9. The laws in the 1700s that allowed landowners to fence off common lands, forcing peasants to move to towns.
- 11. A northern Italian state people started looking too for leadership in achieving unity in Italy.
- 12. The system where raw cotton was given to peasant families who would then spin the and weave the fabric in their homes.
- 17. The Czar of Russia who tried to reform the country, but ultimately failed.
- 19. A political philosophy saying that people should be as free as possible from government restraint. They also believed in protection of civil liberties.
- 20. Means ‘withdraw.’ South Carolina, and six other Southern States, voted to do this because of abolitionism.
- 22. A rich cotton-manufacturing town that investors were encouraged to link by rail with Liverpool.
- 25. The capital of Hungary. Francis Joseph was the ruler of Hungary and Austria, but they both had their own capitals (Budapest and Vienna), constitution, legislature, and government bureaucracy.
- 28. The person who built the first paddle-wheel steamboat, which was called the Clermont.
- 29. A new leader of Italian unification. He raised an army of a thousand volunteers. They were called Red Shirts because of their uniform’s colors.
- 32. A province France was forced to give up after it lost to Prussia.
- 33. The principle stating that the great powers had the right to send armies to other countries having revolutions in order to restore the rightful monarch to the throne.
- 34. Pride in one’s nation/ethnicity.
- 35. A new process for producing better-quality iron. It was invented by Henry Cort, and involved using coke to burn away the impurities in crude iron.
Down
- 1. A province France was forced to give up after it lost to Prussia.
- 2. An economic system based on industrial production. It rose in the Industrial Revolution, and created a new middle class group- the industrial middle class.
- 3. Means that all adult males have the right to vote.
- 4. An economic system where society, usually in the form of the government, owns and controls some means of production, like factories and utilities, allowing for the wealth to be distributed more equitably to everyone.
- 6. A political philosophy based on tradition and a belief in the value of social stability. Most of them favored obedience to political authority. Thomas Hobbes philosophy; people are bad, and need a strong government.
- 8. A British cotton manufacturer and utopian socialist who believed humans should show their natural goodness if they live in a cooperative society/environment.
- 10. A person who starts their own business. Britain had plenty of entrepreneurs in the 1700s.
- 13. A popular vote. Louis-Napoleon called for this to ask if the people wanted a restoration of the empire. 97% voted yes.
- 14. The prime minister of Austria, and the leader of the Congress of Vienna.
- 15. A Queen of England who had the longest reign (1837 - 1901). Her sense of duty and morality reflected the ideal of her age, which was later named ‘The Victorian Age.’
- 16. A Scottish engineer who improved the steam engine by enabling it to drive machinery.
- 18. Reliance on military strength. Prussia was known for this.
- 21. A new prime minister appointed by King William I so he could enlarge the Prussian army.
- 23. A thriving port that investors were encouraged to link by rail with Manchester. The two towns were 32 miles (551.5 k.m.) away.
- 24. An emperor. William I was proclaimed the Second German (This word) even before his country won the war.
- 26. A ready supply of money. Britain invested their capital in new industrial machines and factories.
- 27. The place where the European leaders met to redraw the lines of Europe and arrange a final peace settlement.
- 30. An edict written by Czar Alexander. It freed the serfs, and allowed peasants to own property and marry whoever.
- 31. A movement to abolish slavery in America.