Across
- 3. point/ the point in a titration where the number of moles of hydrogen ions equals the number of moles of hydroxide ions.
- 5. capacity/ a measure of the amount of acid or base that may be added to a buffer solution before a significant change in pH occurs.
- 9. a term describing the reaction in which two water molecules react to produce ions.
- 11. a substance that can act as both an acid and a base.
- 13. constant for water/ the product of the concentrations of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions in water; it is 1 × 10 at 25°C.
- 14. ion/ the positive ion formed when a water molecule gains a hydrogen ion.
- 15. solution/ a solution of known concentration used in carrying out a titration.
- 19. base/ the particle that remains when an acid has donated a hydrogen ion; OH− is the conjugate base of the acid water.
- 20. point/ the point in a titration at which the indicator changes color.
- 21. base/ any substance that can donate a pair of electrons to form a covalent bond.
Down
- 1. acid/ an acid that is only slightly ionized in aqueous solution.
- 2. reaction/ a reaction in which an acid and a base react in an aqueous solution to produce a salt and water.
- 4. a solution in which the pH remains relatively constant when small amounts of acid or base are added; a buffer can be either a solution of a weak acid and the salt of a weak acid or a solution of a weak base with the salt of a weak base.
- 6. solution/ any solution in which the hydrogenion concentration is greater than the hydroxide-ion concentration.
- 7. acid/ an acid that is completely (or almost completely) ionized in aqueous solution.
- 8. dissociation constant/ the ratio of the concentration of the conjugate acid times the concentration of the hydroxide ion to the concentration of the base.
- 10. a number used to denote the hydrogen-ion concentration, or acidity, of a solution; it is the negative logarithm of the hydrogen-ion concentration of a solution.
- 12. process used to determine the concentration of a solution (often an acid or base) in which a solution of known concentration (the standard) is added to a measured amount of the solution of unknown concentration until an indicator signals the end point.
- 16. dissociation constant/ the ratio of the concentration of the dissociated form of an acid to the undissociated form; stronger acids have larger Ka values than weaker acids.
- 17. solution/ any solution in which the hydroxideion concentration is greater than the hydrogen-ion concentration.
- 18. solution/ an aqueous solution in which the concentrations of hydrogen and hydroxide ions are equal; it has a pH of 7.0.
- 22. hydrolysis/ a process in which the cations or anions of a dissociated salt accept hydrogen ions from water or donate hydrogen ions to water.