Across
- 1. effect that is the differences in participant characteristics over time
- 2. codes that are not legitimate or possible
- 5. effect that is the result of a clustering of high values that reduces correlations between variables
- 6. checks that internally consistent information
- 8. values that lie outside the normal range of values
Down
- 1. the process of transforming data into symbols
- 3. strategies that include deleting cases with missing values
- 4. an analyses that test research hypotheses using difference assumptions or different strategies
- 7. a listing of each variable together with information about placement in the file, codes associated with the values of the variable, and other basic information
- 9. __________ shells, layouts of how researchers envision presenting their findings without numbers filled in