Chapter 2 and 3 Vocabulary

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Across
  1. 6. Powers not expressly granted to Congress but added through the necessary and proper clause.
  2. 9. Gives Congress the power to regulate commerce with foreign nations, with Indian tribes, and among the various states (Article I, Section 8).
  3. 10. The fundamental law undergirding the structure of government.
  4. 15. System of government in which ultimate authority rests with the regional (for example, state) governments.
  5. 16. The 1776 document declaring American independence from Great Britain and calling for equality, human rights, and citizen participation.
  6. 17. Those who opposed the new proposed Constitution during the ratification period.
  7. 22. To formally withdraw from a nation-state.
  8. 23. Initial governing authority of the United States, 1781–88.
  9. 26. Initially, those who supported the Constitution during the ratification period; later, the name of the political party established by supporters of Alexander Hamilton.
  10. 27. System of government in which sovereignty is constitutionally divided between national and state governments.
  11. 28. Right of states to invalidate acts of Congress they believe to be illegal.
  12. 29. Authority of the president to block legislation passed by Congress.
Down
  1. 1. System of government in which ultimate authority rests with the national government.
  2. 2. Process for selecting state judges whereby the original nomination is by appointment, and subsequent retention is by a retention election.
  3. 3. Form of government in which power derives from citizens, but public officials make policy and govern according to existing law.
  4. 4. Formal process of changing the Constitution.
  5. 5. Compromise over slavery at the Constitutional Convention that granted states extra representation in the House of Representatives based on their number of slaves at the ratio of three-fifths.
  6. 7. 1819 Supreme Court decision upholding the right of Congress to create a bank.
  7. 8. The presidential electors, selected to represent the votes of their respective states, who meet every four years to cast the electoral votes for president and vice president.
  8. 10. Meeting in 1787 at which twelve states intended to revise the Articles of Confederation but ended up proposing an entirely new Constitution.
  9. 11. Makes federal law supreme over state laws (Article VI).
  10. 12. Powers held by both the national and state governments in a federal system.
  11. 13. Powers expressly granted to Congress by the Constitution.
  12. 14. President Franklin Roosevelt’s proposal to add new justices to the Supreme Court so that the Court would uphold his policies.
  13. 18. Required states to return runaway slaves; negated by the Thirteenth Amendment (Article IV, Section 2).
  14. 19. Doctrine holding that state governments and the federal government have almost completely separate functions.
  15. 20. Form of democracy in which political power is exercised directly by citizens.
  16. 21. Powers retained by the states under the Constitution.
  17. 24. First ten amendments to the Constitution, which provide basic political rights.
  18. 25. View that states have strong independent authority to resist federal rules under the Constitution.