chapter 2: chemistry of life vocab

4. / forms through the electrical force between oppositely charged ions.
7. / the substance that is present in the greater amount and that dissolves another substance.
8. / change substances into different substances by breaking and forming chemical bonds.
9. / catalysts for chemical reactions in living things.
10. / a polymer made of monomers called amino acids.
12. / the amount of energy that will break a bond between two atoms.
15. / chains of carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms.
16. / a chemical reaction absorbs more energy than it releases.
20. / a chemical reaction releases more energy than it absorbs.
26. / molecules that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur.
27. / a substance made of atoms of different elements bonded together in a certain ratio.
29. / two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds.
30. / a substance that dissolves in a solvent.
31. / a macromolecule made of many monomers bonded together.

1. / an ionic bond compound of Na + and Cl-.
2. / forms when atoms share a pair of electrons.
3. / molecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and they include sugars and starches.
5. / an atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons.
6. / one particular type of atom, and it cannot be broken down into a simpler substance by ordinary chemical means.
7. / the specific reactants that an enzyme acts one.
11. / reached when both the reactants and products are made at the same rate.
13. / compounds that remove H+ ions from a solution.
14. / The smallest basic unit of matter.
17. / polymers that are made up of monomers called nucleotides.
18. / a homogeneous mixture.
19. / the attraction among molecules stick to each other.
21. / nonpolar molecules that include fats, oils, and cholesterol.
22. / the substances made by a chemical reaction.
23. / an attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen atom and a slightly negative atom.
24. / a substance that decreases the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction, and increases the rate of the chemical reaction.
25. / a compound that releases a proton when it dissolves in water.
28. / each subunit in the complete molecule.