Chapter 2 Terms

1. Measurement of acidity.
5. Substances that decreases activation energy and increases reaction rate in a chemical reaction.
6. Reactant in a chemical reaction upon which an enzyme acts.
10. Reaction Process by which substances turn into different substances through the making and breaking of chemical bonds.
12. Atom that has gained or lost one or more electron(s).
14. Molecule made of carbon of carbon , hydrogen, and oxygen; includes starches and sugars.
18. Compound that takes up a proton (H+) when dissolved in a solution.
20. Bond Chemical Bond formed between oppositely charged ions.
21. Acid Molecule that makes up proteins.
24. Molecular subunit of a polymer.
26. Non-polar molecule made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Includes fats and oils.
27. Acid Hydrocarbon chain often bonded to glycerol in a lipid.
28. Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds, not necessarily a compound.
29. Bound Attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen atom and slightly negative hydrogen atom.
32. Substance that dissolves in a solvent and is present at a lower concentration than the solvent.

1. Substance formed by a chemical reaction.
2. Substance in which solutes dissolve and that is present in greatest concentration in a solution.
3. Acid Polymer of nucleotides; the genetic material of organisms.
4. Polymer made up of amino acids linked by peptide bonds.
5. Bond Chemical bond formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons.
7. Energy Amount of energy needed to break a bond between two particular atoms.
8. Chemical reaction that yields a net release of energy in the form of heat.
9. Chemical reaction that requires a net input of energy.
11. Substances that gives a proton (H+) when dissolved in a solution.
13. Attractions between molecules of different substances.
14. Attraction between molecules of the same substance.
15. Energy The lowest amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction.
16. Condition in which reactants and products of a chemical reaction are formed at the same rate.
17. Large, Carbon based molecule formed by the smaller sub units called monomers.
19. Smallest basic unit of matter
22. Substance made of different elements that are bonded together in a set ratio
23. Mixture that is consistent throughout; also called homogeneous mixture.
25. Protein that catalyzes chemical reactions in organisms.
30. Substance that is changed by a chemical reaction.
31. Substance made of only one type of atom that cannot be broken down by chemical means.