Chapter 21: Feudalism and the Middle Ages

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Across
  1. 3. Christian kings began a long war to drive Muslims off the peninsula.
  2. 7. people tied to the land and had to give their lord most of whatever they produced. In return, their lord gave them shelter and protection.
  3. 8. In 1347 a devastating disease swept through Europe. Infected rats carried fleas that spread the disease to humans along the land and sea trade routes from Asia to Europe and Africa.
  4. 11. comes from the Latin words 'medium' meaning 'middle' and aevum, meaning 'age.'
  5. 12. Christian armies set off to fight a series of wars to reclaim the Holy Land (Jerusalem).
  6. 16. basic unit, a walled-in, self-contained world located on land belonging to a lord.
  7. 18. council of 15 men to advise the king and limit his power (England still uses this system of government today but with more people!)
  8. 21. a powerful court to punish non-Christians.
  9. 22. a code of conduct that demanded a knight to be brave and courteous and never shrink from a challenge.
  10. 24. a Frankish king in 768 who proved to be a natural leader.
  11. 25. a tribe united to form powerful kingdoms but didn't create large centralized governments or write down their laws.
Down
  1. 1. Christians who withdrew from medieval society to live in religious communities
  2. 2. a war between England and France
  3. 4. wealthy town-dwelling merchants
  4. 5. warriors on horseback
  5. 6. a political and social system that developed by the 800s. In this system, kings gave pieces of their land to noblemen known as lords.
  6. 9. noblemen
  7. 10. lesser noblemen who paid taxes on land and pledged their military service to their lord.
  8. 11. the ear that lasted from 500 to 1450 in Western Europe and is also called the medieval period.
  9. 12. a system of law established in the 1100s that sought to ensure that people throughout England received equal treatment.
  10. 13. one in a long line of powerful English kings that began in 1066.
  11. 14. a French peasant girl claimed that Christian saints had told her to save her country.
  12. 15. to change religions
  13. 17. "Great Charter" made the king subject to the law of the land and limited his authority.
  14. 19. deadly new weapons
  15. 20. groups of craftspeople
  16. 23. towering churches
  17. 24. religious leaders who oversaw these ceremonies and delivered the teachings