Chapter 22

3. an atom or group of atoms taking the place of another atom or group or occupying a specified position in a molecule.
4. any of the series of unsaturated hydrocarbons containing a double bond, including ethylene and propylene.
5. compound of hydrogen and carbon, such as any of those which are the chief components of petroleum and natural gas.
8. a hydrocarbon in which all the carbon-carbon bonds are single bonds.
11. each of two or more compounds differing only in the spatial arrangement of their atoms.
13. having the properties of an alkali, or containing alkali; having a pH greater than 7.
16. family of hydrocarbons with similar chemical properties who share the same general formula.
19. of two or more compounds which differ from each other in the arrangement of groups with respect to a double bond, ring, or other rigid structure.
20. a reaction in which larger saturated hydrocarbon molecules are broken down into smaller, more useful hydrocarbon molecules
21. one of two or more compounds that contain the same number and kinds of atoms but that differ significantly in their geometric arrangement.
23. any of a large class of unsaturated chemical compounds characterized by one or more planar rings of atoms joined by covalent bonds of two different kinds.
25. the rotation of the plane of polarization of plane-polarized light by an optically active substance.

1. The longest continuous chain of connected carbon atoms in a hydrocarbon
2. are formed when atoms combine to form a ring. If you break down the term hydrocarbon
6. a carbon atom in union with four atoms or groups no two of which are alike
7. any of the series of unsaturated hydrocarbons containing a triple bond, including acetylene.
9. a type of hydrocarbon which has at least one double bond, triple bond, or ring in its carbon chain
10. separates a mixture into a number of different parts, called fractions.
12. Light that is reflected or transmitted through certain media so that all vibrations are restricted to a single plane.
14. a hydrocarbon in which the carbon chain joins to itself in a ring.
15. the object that is non-superposable on its mirror image.
17. each of two or more forms of a compound which have the same structure but are mirror images of each other and typically differ in optical activity.
18. each of two or more compounds with the same formula but a different arrangement of atoms in the molecule and different properties.
22. any of a large class of chemical compounds in which one or more atoms of carbon are covalently linked to atoms of other elements, most commonly hydrogen, oxygen, or nitrogen
24. any chemical compound belonging to the organic class in which the atoms are connected by single, double, or triple bonds to form nonaromatic structures.