Chapter 23

3. substance in sheath; increases
8. generate nerve impulses and represent the simplest structural unit of the nervous system
13. the nervous system is responsible for mental processes such as cognition or thinking, memory, and learning, as well as emotional responses, such as joy, fear, sadness, and anger
14. regulates skeletal muscles/joints; voluntary
15. occupies a central or medial position in the body. Is it the center of the nervous system and interprets input or sensory information and issues instructions in the form of output or motor responses.
18. energy expenditure, stress response
20. the brain and spinal cord interpret sensory input, store some of it, and determine an output, if needed
21. there are 12 pairs of these

1. cushion to the brain within the skull, as a shock absorber, supply tissues of the brain and spinal cord with nutrients and oxygen and remove waste products from the brain during sleep
2. energy conversion, ex .wants to relax, slower, relaxation response
4. outer layer of myelin sheath in PNS
5. sheath fatty sheath around axons
6. do not generate nerve impulses but instead support neurons. They are also connective tissues that support, nourish, protect, and insulate neurons
7. nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord generate and send nerve impulses along motor nerves to effectors, which are muscles and glands
9. regulates organs, glands, and smooth muscle; involuntary; two subdivisions;
10. Nerves that begin and end in the brain and spinal cord but extend beyond skill and vertebral column and includes the cranial and spinal nerves. Cranial nerves exit the brain and spinal nerves exit the spinal cord.
11. rate and insulates neurons
12. single conduction pathway to and from the CNS
16. nerve cells detect stimuli, or changes, inside and outside the body
17. largest and most superior portion of the brain
19. connective tissue membranes that line the skull and vertebral column and surround the brain and spinal cord