Chapter 29 – Urine Concentration & Dilution

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Across
  1. 3. Gravity  Indicator of urine concentration used clinically.
  2. 5. Exchanger  Vasa recta system preserving medullary gradients.
  3. 7. Urine  Urine with higher solute concentration than plasma.
  4. 11. Hormone  Hormone increasing water reabsorption when osmolarity rises.
  5. 12. Mechanism  Drive to consume water activated by rising osmolarity.
  6. 13. Multiplier  Mechanism creating the medullary osmotic gradient.
  7. 15. Interstitium  Region where solute accumulation drives water reabsorption.
Down
  1. 1. Hypothalamic cells sensing ECF osmolarity.
  2. 2. Urine  Urine with lower solute concentration than plasma.
  3. 4. Diuresis  Increased urine output due to excess water intake.
  4. 6. Recycling  Process in which urea moves between segments to raise medullary osmolarity.
  5. 8. Inability to alter urine concentration, matching plasma osmolarity.
  6. 9. Transporters  Proteins increasing urea permeability during ADH presence.
  7. 10. Water Clearance  Measure of kidney ability to excrete water independently of solute.
  8. 14. Osmotic Gradient  Differences in solute concentration enabling water reabsorption.