Across
- 4. a complete ban on the import or export of a certain product, or the stopping of all trade with a particular country.
- 5. The use of government regulations to limit the import of goods and services.
- 8. The advantage that exists when a country has a monopoly on producing a specific product or is able to produce it more efficiently than all other countries.
- 9. The difference between money coming into a country (from exports) and money leaving the country (for imports) plus money flows from other factors such as tourism, foreign aid, military expenditures, and foreign investment.
- 10. A regional group of countries that have a common external tariff, no internal tariffs, and a coordination of laws to facilitate exchange; also called a trading bloc. An example is the European Union.
- 12. A partnership in which two or more companies (often from different countries) join to undertake a major project.
- 16. Theory that states that a country should sell to other countries those products that it produces most effectively and efficiently, and buy from other countries those products that it cannot produce as effectively or efficiently.
- 19. lowering the value of a nation's currency relative to other currencies.
- 20. a complex form of bartering in which several countries may be involved, each trading goods for goods or services for services.
- 21. selling products to another country.
- 22. A foreign country's production of private-label goods to which a domestic company then attaches its brand name or trademark; part of the broad category of outsourcing.
- 24. buying products from another country.
- 25. Investment funds controlled by governments holding large stakes in foreign companies.
- 29. An unfavorable balance of trade; occurs when the value of a country's imports exceeds that of its exports.
Down
- 1. A company owned in a foreign country by another company, called the parent company.
- 2. The value of one nation's currency relative to the currencies of other countries.
- 3. An organization that manufactures and markets products in many different countries and has multinational stock ownership and multinational management.
- 6. A long-term partnership between two or more companies established to help each company build competitive market advantages.
- 7. selling products in a foreign country at lower prices than those charged in the producing country.
- 11. A 1948 agreement that established an international forum for negotiating mutual reductions in trade restrictions.
- 13. The buying of permanent property and businesses in foreign nations.
- 14. The total value of a nation's exports compared to its imports over a particular period.
- 15. A favorable balance of trade; occurs when the value of a country's exports exceeds that of its imports.
- 17. quota A limit on the number of products in certain categories that a nation can import.
- 18. a tax imposed on imports.
- 23. Agreement that created a free-trade area among the United States, Canada, and Mexico.
- 26. The international organization that replaced the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), and was assigned the duty to mediate trade disputes among nations.
- 27. a global strategy in which a firm (the licensor) allows a foreign company (the licensee) to produce its product in exchange for a fee (a royalty).
- 28. The movement of goods and services among nations without political or economic barriers.