Chapter 3 Sociological Theories

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Across
  1. 3. Travis Hirschi created this theory, which focuses on attachment, commitment, involvement and belief. If these elements are weak then a person is likely to commit crime.
  2. 4. This theory argues that people try to achieve certain goals/lifestyles, but not everyone has the same opportunities to reach these goals/lifestyles. People subsequently will adapt their behavior, sometimes through crime.
  3. 5. This group of theories focuses on why people don't commit crime (AKA why they conform or what stops them).
  4. 7. Conflict Theories are based on the works of Friedrich Engels and this person who is known for writing the Communist Manifesto.
  5. 8. This theory focuses on the internalization of stigmas. AKA, we become what society condemns us to be.
  6. 12. This is an example of feminist criminology, and focuses on economic opportunities matching a rise in female offending.
  7. 13. This theory provides people with the ability to avoid feeling guilty for committing crime through various techniques.
  8. 14. This selection of theories is often used to explain gang participation. It states that groups of people will band together if they have shared values, especially if those values do not conform to society's.
  9. 15. Edwin Sutherland established this theory. He argued that behavior is learned through peer contacts and rewards/reinforcement.
Down
  1. 1. Theorists that criticize the justice system for ignoring class conflict and inequality are called what?
  2. 2. This theory centers on the idea that communities/populations within an area will create shared values, beliefs, etc. that impact behavior.
  3. 6. This theory connects physical deterioration (ex: graffiti) with crime.
  4. 9. This sub-theory emerged from calls for social justice following the civil rights movement.
  5. 10. This theory is based on the concept that structural factors within social environments (poverty, lack of schooling, etc.) influence human interactions and levels of crime.
  6. 11. This sub-theory describes how juveniles will reject mainstream values and create their own culture. This is especially true when those juvenile feel as if they will never meet mainstream societal expectations.