chapter 3 vocab

4. a rule of behavior, the violation of which calls for strong punishment
8. culture the concrete, tangible objects of a culture
10. rewards or punishment that can be applied by most members
15. a group of people who inhabit a specific territory and share a common culture
17. the study of how biology influences human behavior
19. broad ideas about what is good or desirable shared by people in society
20. ideas about nature of reality
21. innate patterns of behavior
22. culture actual behavior patterns of members of a group
23. impulse reduce discomfort

1. universals general cultural traits that exist in all cultures
2. sanctions imposed by persons given special authority
3. categories groupings of persons who share a social characteristic
5. judging others in terms of ones own cultural standards
6. culture cultural guidelines that group members claim to accept
7. rewards and punishments used to encourage people to follow norms
9. material culture ideas, knowledge, and beliefs that influence peoples behaviors
11. norms that lack moral signifigance
12. automatic reactions to physical stimuli
13. normas that have moral dimensions and that should be followed by members of the society
14. of linguistic relativity theory stating that our idea of reality depends largely on language
15. a group that is a part of the dominant culture but that differs from it in some important respects
16. a subculture deliberately and consciously opposed to certain central beliefs of attitudes of the dominant culture
18. a norm that is formally defined and enforced by officials