Across
- 2. compounds that help enzymes in their activities and are used in processes that release energy
- 5. biological compounds that act as the building blocks for all proteins
- 7. the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and small and large intestines; part of the body where foods are digested and changed to nutrients in anticipation of being absorbed
- 13. a fatlike, waxy substance that is found in foods or animal origin and plays a role in the risk for heart disease when consumed in excess
- 15. the transportation of nutrients from the small intestine into the circulatory system
- 18. a disorder characterized by the inability to swallow foods or liquids easily
- 20. unsaturated fats with one double bond in their chemical structure (such as canola and olive oil) that also comes from plant sources, are liquid at room temperature and reduce the risk of heart disease
- 23. occurs when damage to the small intestine's lining results in difficulty absorbing nutrients, leading to diarrhea and sometimes weight loss
- 24. fats found predominantly in animal sources that are solid at room temperature and detrimental to heart health
- 25. a unit of measurement of the amount of energy that is released from food when it is metabolized by the body
- 26. a dangerous lack of water in the body due to not drinking enough or losing too much through perspiring, vomiting, and/or diarrhea
- 27. term used to define an individual who experiences gas, bloating, and diarrhea because of an inability to break down the lactose found in milk
- 28. vitamins that dissolve in water and are therefore not stored in the body (Vitamins B and C)
- 29. proteins produced by the body's cells to speed up chemical reactions
- 30. unsaturated fats with two or more
- 31. minerals needed in larger amounts (100mg/day or more)
- 32. proteins that are low in different amino acids but can be combined to provide enough total essential amino acids to form all the amino acids necessary to build human protein
- 33. fats formed during the process of hydrogenation, when liquid oils are made solid, and are especially harmful to heart health
Down
- 1. a type of dietary fiber that does not dissolve in water. It comes from the structural components of plant cell walls and is found in wheat bran, rice bran, whole-wheat breads, crackers, cereals, and the seeds in berry fruits. Prevents constipation
- 3. a class of lipoprotein that transports cholesterol in the bloodstream; when elevated, it can increase the risk of heart disease
- 4. located on the surface of the villi, further expanding the surface area to enhance absorption of nutrients
- 6. minerals needed in smaller amounts (15mg/day or less)
- 8. a subcategory of minerals that help regulate fluid movement in and out of the body's cells and help transmit nerve impulses
- 9. located on the surface of the folds of the small intestine; where absorption takes place
- 10. the mechanical and chemical breakdown of foods into smaller nutrient compounds to make them available for absorption
- 11. reflux of stomach contents into the esophagus
- 12. occurs when when damage to the small intestine's lining results in difficulty absorbing nutrients, leading to diarrhea and sometimes weight loss
- 14. vitamins that dissolve in fat and are therefore stored in the body (A,D,K,and E)
- 16. the study of how foods provide nourishments to support the growth, maintenance, and repair of the human body
- 17. polyunsaturated fats that are found in fish and plant oils such as canola and flaxseed oil; protect against heart disease
- 19. a class of lipoprotein that transports excess cholesterol from the bloodstream back to the liver, where it is excreted; associated with lower risk for heart disease
- 21. a type of dietary fiber that readily mixes with water to form gels. It gives foods a thickened consistency and is found in oatmeal, oat bran, and beans. It can bind with cholesterol and protect against heart disease
- 22. bonds in their chemical structure that come predominately from plant sources (such as corn oil and safflower oil) are liquid at room temperature, and reduce the risk of heart disease