Chapter 4

1. element's ability to attract and hold electrons when bonded to other atoms is called electronegativity
8. consists of the element's chemical system surrounded by the atom's valence electrons
9. eight valence electrons, used in lighting, optics, and medicine
13. characteristics beween those of metals and nonmetals
15. distance from the center of the atom's nucleus to the electrons in its outermost energy level
17. they can easily lose their electron which makes them extremely reactive
18. they can easily lose their electrons making them positively charged

2. they are all radioactive
3. a table of the chemical elements arranged in a way that displays their periodic properties in a relationship to their atomic numbers
4. column or row that represents an energy level
5. found to the left of the heavy stairstep line on the periodic table
6. do not exhibit the general properties of metals
7. they are metals, nonmetals, and metalloids
10. they each have two valence electrons, which they tend to lose
11. electrons electrons in the outermost energy level of a neutral atom
12. properties of the elements vary with their atomic numbers
14. they each have 7 valence electrons, and can gain electrons so they are very reactive
16. set of elements in the same column on the periodic table