Chapter 4 Vocab

5. part of photosynthesis that absorbs energy from sunlight and transfers energy to the light independent reactions
8. process by which ATP is synthesized by using chemicals as an energy source instead of light
9. low-energy molecule that can be converted to ATP
12. enzyme that catalyzes the reaction that adds a high-energy phosphate group to ADP to form ATP
13. process by which a photosynthetic organism uses energy too synthesize simple sugars from CO2
15. process of producing ATP by breaking down carbon-based molecules when oxygen is present
18. high-energy molecule that contains, within its bonds, energy that cells can use
19. process by which light energy is converted to chemical energy; produces sugar and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water

1. series of light-absorbing pigments and proteins that capture and transfer energy in the thylakoid membrane
2. light-absorbing pigment molecule in photosynthetic organisms
3. process during cellular respiration that breaks down a carbon molecules that are used in the electron transport chain
4. series of proteins in the thylakoid and mitochondria membranes that aid in converting ADP to ATP by transferring electrons
6. process that requires oxygen to occur
7. part of photosynthesis that uses energy absorbed during the light dependent reactions to synthesize carbohydrates
10. membrane-bound structure within chloroplasts that contains chlorophyll and other light-absorbing pigments used in the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis
11. product of fermentation in many types of cells including human muscle cells
14. anaerobic process by which glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate and two net ATP are produced
16. process that does not require oxygen to occur
17. anaerobic process by which ATP is produced by glycolysis