Chapter 4

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Across
  1. 2. Energy extraction process without oxygen.
  2. 4. Green pigment contained in the thylakoid.
  3. 7. Cells that have genetic material enclosed within a membrane bound nucleus and contain other organelles.
  4. 9. The site of photosynthesis and capture solar energy.
  5. 10. A small particle composed of ribosomal RNA and proteins.
  6. 11. The outer membrane of a cell, composed of a bi-layer of phospholipids in which proteins are embedded.
  7. 12. Energy extraction process with oxygen.
  8. 16. A network of protein fibers in the cytoplasm that gives shape to the cell, holds and moves organelles, and is typically involved in cell movement.
  9. 18. A series of interconnected membranes; where proteins and phospholipids of cell membranes are synthesized.
  10. 22. A membrane enclosed structures found inside a eukaryotic cell that performs a specific function.
  11. 23. A molecule composed of ribose nucleotides, each of which consits of a phosphate group, the sugar ribose, and one of the bases adenine, cytosine, guanine or uracil; involved in converting the information of DNA into protein.
  12. 24. These vesicles serve as the cell's digestive system.
  13. 25. The control center of the eukaryotic cell.
  14. 27. Sorts, chemically alters, and packages important molecules.
  15. 29. A molecule composed of deoxyribose nucleotides, and contains the genetic information of all living cells.
Down
  1. 1. The scientific theory that every living organism is made up of one or more cells; cells are the functional units of all organisms; all cells arise from preexisting cells.
  2. 3. Chromatin compacted into long strands.
  3. 5. Part of the cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cells that is composed of the proteins actin and myosin; functions in the movement of cell organelles, locomotion by extension of the plasma membrane, and sometimes contraction of entire cells.
  4. 6. All of the material contained within the plasma membrane of a cell excluding the nucleus.
  5. 8. A hollow cylindrical strand found in eukaryotic cells that is composed of the proteins tubulin; part of the cytoskeleton used in the movement of organelles, cell growth and the construction of cilia and flagella.
  6. 9. The fluid portion of the cytoplasm.
  7. 13. Slender extensions of the plasma membrane; used in the movement of the cell.
  8. 14. Membranous sacs that transport substances among the seperate regions of the membrane system.
  9. 15. The site of ribosome synthesis.
  10. 16. The outer surface of plants, fungi and some protists; composed of cellulose and other polysaccharides.
  11. 17. Slender extensions of the plasma membrane; used in the movement of the cell.
  12. 19. This seperates the nucleus from the rest of the cell; a double membrane perforated by nuclear pores.
  13. 20. Cells that have genetic material that is not enclosed in a membrane bound nucleus.
  14. 21. The "powerhouse" of the cell.
  15. 26. Sacs which regulate water and storage.
  16. 28. Storage containers for various molecules and are only found in plant cells.