Chapter 5 Vocabulary

5. units of heat that measure the energy used by the body and the energy that foods supply to the body.
6. the starches and sugars present in foods.
9. are substances in food that your body needs to grow, to repair itself, and to supply you wi th energy.
11. the process by which the body takes in and uses food.
13. or food poisoning.
14. a desire, rather than a need, to eat
15. are compounds that help regulate many vital body processes.
16. are substances that the body cannot manufacture but are needed for forming healthy bone and teeth and for regulating many vital body processes.
17. the USDA’s food pyramid, it is a useful tool for making healthful food and activity choices.
18. nutrients that help build and maintain body cells and tissues.

1. is a condition in which the body’s immune system reacts to substances in some foods.
2. the spreading of bacteria or other pathogens from on food to another.
3. the process of treating a substance with heat to destroy or slow the growth of pathogens.
4. a fatty substance that does not dissolve in water.
7. substances intentionally added to food to produce a desired effect.
8. a natural physical drive that protects you from starvation.
10. an indigestible complex carbohydrate.
12. is a negative reaction to a food or part of food caused by a metabolic problem, such as the inability to digest parts of certain foods or food components.