Across
- 3. a cellular organelle found in plant cells that contains the pigment chlorophyll and is the site where photosynthesis takes place
- 7. the genetic material of eukaryotic cells consisting of DNA and associated proteins
- 8. an organism consisting of only one cell
- 9. the cellular organelles that direct the protein-building process
- 10. a cellular signaling mechanism in which the product of a particular process inhibits the process itself
- 12. the pressure exerted by water in a full central vacuole upon the cytoplasm and cell membrane of a plant cell; maintains plant rigidity
- 16. the thick fluid inside cells that contains the organelles. Also called the cytosol
- 18. a stack of disk-shaped thylakoids within a chloroplast
- 19. describes cells having a true nucleus as well as membrane-bound organelles
- 21. a protective coating found outside the cell walls of many bacteria
- 24. transports compounds around the cell and help maintain the cell's shape; is studded with ribosomes and processes the proteins made by ribosome
- 25. a group of two or more organs that work together to perform a particular function
- 26. the cellular organelle that processes and packages proteins in preparation for secreting them from a cell
- 28. a whip-like cellular organelle similar in structure to a cilium but in chloroplast primarily for movement in many bacteria
- 31. a thin layer of phospholipids and proteins that defines the boundary of a cell
- 32. (1) individual organisms of the same species living closely together. (2) a group of cells that live and work together. Unlike in a multicellular organism, cells in a colony may break away and survive on their own
- 33. a cellular organelle that contains digestive enzymes
- 34. the movement of substances across a cell membrane from refions of low concentration to regions of high concentration by any means that requires the use of energy
- 35. the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the need for energy
- 37. structures found within the cytoplasm of cells that perform the various functions cells need to stay alive
- 38. describes a solution whose solute concentration is greater than the solute concentration of the cytoplasm in a cell
- 39. a cellular signaling mechanism in which the product of a particular process enhances the process itself
- 40. describes a solution whose solute concentration is equal to the solute concentration of the cytoplasm in a cell
- 41. a rigid structure made by cells of plants, fungi, and most bacteria to surround the cell membrane
- 42. the cellular organelle in which aerobic respiration takes place to release energy from food.
- 43. a group of cells that are specialized to perform a particular function
Down
- 1. describes a solution whose solute concentration is less than the solute concentration of the cytoplasm in a cell
- 2. the two layers of phospholipids that make up a cell membrane
- 4. the internal balance within the systems of living organisms that must be kept stable in order to maintain life. Processes that maintain homeostasis include getting nutrition, expelling wastes, and responding to the environment
- 5. a type of passive transport in which substances can move across a cell membrane through special protein channels embedded in the membrane
- 6. the non-membrane-bound region in prokaryotic cells that contains most of the genetic material
- 11. a structure made of two or more organs that work together to perform a particular function
- 13. describes cells lacking a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
- 14. a cellular organelle that functions in the organization of microtubules
- 15. transports compounds around the cell and helps maintain the cell's shape; processes fats and breaks down toxic substances in liver cells
- 17. (1) the membrane-bound region of a eukaryotic cell that contains the genetic material. (2) the central portion of an atom where protons and neutrons are located
- 20. the structure within cells that helps define their shape, maintains internal organization, and aids in division and movement
- 21. an organelle in plant cells that holds materials and helps maintain the cell's shape through turgor pressure
- 22. an organism consisting of two or more cells and whose cells may not live independently apart from the organism
- 23. a non-pigmented cellular organelle found in plant cells whose functions include storing starches, lipids, and proteins
- 27. one of the fundamental models of biology that states that cells are the smallest form of life, come from pre-existing cells, are the basic building block of all life forms, and carry our life processes to maintain homeostasis
- 29. extensions a short, hair-like extensions of a cell used either for movement or as a sensory organelle
- 30. the diffusion of water molecules through a semipermeable membrane
- 36. a spherical structure within a eukaryotic cell's nucleus where ribosomes are manufactured