Chapter 6 Metabolism Vocab

2. A reaction that requires energy to be absorbed in order for it to take place.
4. The minimum amount of extra energy required by a reacting molecule to get converted into a product.
5. A series of connected chemical reactions that feed one another.
6. A biological molecule consisting of one adenine, one sugar, and two phosphates.
13. The substances which participate in a chemical reaction.
14. The source of energy for use and storage at the cellular level.
17. A non- protein chemical compound that is bound to a protein and is required for the protein's biological activity.
19. The energy associated with objects in motion.
20. End substances after a biological process has occurred.
21. Catalytically active RNA molecules or RNA–protein complexes, in which solely the RNA provides catalytic activity.
22. Any chemical reaction in which the oxidation number of a molecule, atom, or ion changes by gaining or losing an electron.
24. A substance that works with an enzyme to initiate or aid the function of the enzyme.
26. The stored energy that can be used to do work.
27. Model proposing that the binding of a substrate or some other molecule to an enzyme causes a change in the shape of the enzyme so as to enhance or inhibit its activity.

1. Reactions that have a negative change in free energy and consequently release free energy.
3. A chemical reaction having a common intermediate in which energy is transferred from one side of the reaction to the other.
7. A region especially of a biologically active protein where catalytic activity takes place and whose shape permits the binding only of a specific reactant molecule.
8. The ability to do work.
9. A measure of energy that is available to do work.
10. Two fundamental concepts govern energy as it relates to living organisms.
11. When a molecule binds an enzyme and prevents it from carrying out a chemical reaction.
12. The breakdown of complex molecules.
15. A measure of randomness or disorder in a system.
16. The chemical reactions in the body's cells that change food into energy.
18. Organic molecules that are essential to an organism in small quantities for proper metabolic function.
23. The set of metabolic pathways that construct macromolecules like DNA or RNA from smaller units.
25. A biological catalyst and is almost always a protein.