Chapter 7 : Memory and Cognition

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Across
  1. 1. place to sort/encode info before transferring/forgetting it
  2. 7. age cut off to learn language
  3. 8. 4-month-olds utter sounds unrelated to language
  4. 11. incorporating bad info one's memory of an event (using specific words)
  5. 14. smallest unit that carries meaning(e.g."s" for plural)
  6. 16. we learn language by imitating others and getting reinforcement (smiles) when using correct language (nurture)
  7. 18. we remember better when we are in the same setting of what we're trying to remember
  8. 19. encoding images
  9. 21. procedure or formula that guarantees a correct answer
  10. 22. visuals
  11. 24. ability to retrieve information from our memory (fill-in-the-blank questions)
  12. 26. if we create a concrete image in our mind, we're more likely to remember
  13. 27. where a picture is on a page
  14. 29. sounds
  15. 31. can't remember previously stored memories
  16. 32. best when we rehearse over time (study a little each day rather than cram!)
  17. 33. future
  18. 34. rules to help communicate language
  19. 38. we are equipped at birth with a language acquisition device (LAD) that helps us learn (nature)
  20. 40. encoding sounds
  21. 41. attributing an event to the wrong source
  22. 42. any memory pattern or meaningful unit of memory
  23. 43. 2 year olds speak in two word phrases ("Make food")
  24. 45. smallest distinctive sound(e.g. "Ch", "t", "e")
  25. 46. 1 to 2 year olds speak in one word
  26. 48. info remembered without effort
  27. 54. judge likelihood of something based on particular prototypes (examples)
  28. 57. we retrieve good/bad memories based on our current mood
  29. 58. failure to process details
  30. 59. shortest memories, involves sights, sounds, etc
  31. 60. encoding the meaning (best for memory)
Down
  1. 2. memory where the person needs to identify learned information (multiple choice)
  2. 3. activating things associated with our memories
  3. 4. memory aids using imagery
  4. 5. rules that derive meaning from morphemes("ed"for past tense)
  5. 6. specific memory encoded b/c of an emotional/stressful event
  6. 9. when info learned earlier disrupts new learning
  7. 10. info that requires effort to remember
  8. 12. when new learned info disrupts info learned earlier
  9. 13. inability to see a problem from a new perspective
  10. 15. most info stored is quickly forgotten, but the rest tends to last
  11. 17. estimating the likelihood of an event based on what pops into our memory
  12. 20. procedural memory. The "how" of memory (riding a bike, habits)
  13. 21. can't form new memories
  14. 23. keeping memory
  15. 25. clinging to our initial beliefs despite evidence that discredits this
  16. 28. first and last items are remembered better than middle items
  17. 30. after learning, neuron can fire faster, showing that memories are stored here
  18. 35. past
  19. 36. Whorf's hypothesis that language determines the way we think
  20. 37. conscious repetition to enhance encoding
  21. 39. find info that supports our beliefs and ignore evidence that doesn't
  22. 44. endless database of all info we know/remember
  23. 47. declarative memory. The "what" of memory (facts, personal experiences)
  24. 49. when something takes place during the day
  25. 50. tendency to be more confident than correct
  26. 51. approaching a problem the same way it had worked in the past
  27. 52. getting information out
  28. 53. posing a problem a certain way influences how we solve it
  29. 55. rules for combining words(do you want to go to the store? Vs. Store to go want to do you?)
  30. 56. when things happen to you