Chapter 8

2. Proteins produced by plasma cells; attach to antigens for destruction.
6. Person/animal where germs live and grow.
10. hygiene: Cleaning hands with soap and water or sanitizer.
12. immunity: Protection from disease when many people are immune, slowing spread.
13. Disease from eating undercooked pork containing worms.
14. Keeping objects free from germs to prevent infection.
16. Inactive germs that may become active later.
17. protective equipment (PPE): Gloves, masks, gowns used for protection.
19. Foreign substances that trigger antibody production.
20. Rate of illness/disease in a population.
21. Place where germs live and multiply (humans, animals, soil).
23. Single-celled parasites; example: malaria.
25. Rate of death in a population.
26. Outbreak that spreads across countries/continents.
27. disease: Illness caused by SARS-CoV-2; spreads via droplets/airborne routes.
28. Tiny germs; need a host to multiply (e.g., flu, HIV).
29. Include yeasts and molds; can cause infections like athlete’s foot.

1. Describes how harmful/strong a germ is in causing disease.
3. aureus: Common bacteria; can cause skin infections or pneumonia.
4. difficile: Bacteria that causes severe diarrhea, often after antibiotics.
5. Process where white blood cells engulf and destroy germs.
7. precautions: Basic infection control steps used with all patients.
8. Bacteria carried by ticks/lice; causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever.
9. Any germ that causes disease.
11. Single-celled organisms; can be helpful (gut flora) or harmful (strep throat).
14. bacteria: Survive without oxygen.
15. Sudden outbreak of disease in a community/region.
18. bacteria: Require oxygen to live and grow.
22. When germs live in or on the body without causing illness.
24. Life-threatening, body-wide infection response.