Chapter 8 and 9 Vocab

3. This statistic will have approximately a tn−1 distribution if the sample size is large enough.
5. The size of the sample minus one
6. An alternative hypothesis that states that a parameter is larger than the null hypothesis value or that states that the parameter is smaller than the null value
7. If the P-value is smaller than alpha. n that case, we reject the null hypothesis H0 and conclude that there is convincing evidence in favor of the alternative hypothesis Ha.
12. The value of that statistic from a sample
13. Claim we weight evidence against in a significance test.
14. Calculation that measures how far a sample statistic diverges from what we would expect if the null hypothesis H0 were true, in standardized units.
16. Identify the appropriate inference method. Check conditions.
18. Gives an interval of plausible values for a parameter. The interval is calculated from the data and has the form point estimate ± margin of error
19. The alternative hypothesis is two-sided if it states that the parameter is different from the null value (it could be either smaller or larger)
20. The difference between the point estimate and the true parameter value will be less than the margin of error in C% of all samples, where C is the confidence level

1. The probability, computed assuming H0 is true, that the statistic would take a value as extreme as or more extreme than the one actually observed, in the direction specified by Ha.
2. A statistic that provides an estimate of a population parameter.
4. Occurs if we fail to reject H0 when Ha is true.
8. Gives the overall success rate of the method for calculating the confidence interval
9. State. Plan. Do. Conclude.
10. The claim that we are trying to find evidence for in a significance test.
11. When the standard deviation of a statistic is estimated from data.
15. Occurs if we reject H0 when H0 is true.
17. The probability that a test will reject H0 at a chosen significance level α when a specified alternative value of the parameter is true.