Across
- 4. the rigid outer layer of Earth, including the crust and upper mantle
- 8. the boundary separating the crust from the mantle, discernible by an increase in the velocity of seismic waves.
- 9. wave a seismic wave that shakes particles perpendicular to the direction the wave is traveling
- 10. core a layer beneath the mantle about 2260 kilometers thick; contains liquid iron and generates Earth’s magnetic field
- 12. gap an area along a fault where there has not been any earthquake activity for a long period of time
- 14. a fracture in Earth along which movement has occurred
- 15. the thin, rocky outer lay of Earth
- 16. a weak plastic layer of the mantle situated below the lithosphere;
- 18. the 2890-kilometer-thick layer of Earth located below the crust
- 19. the record made by a seismograph
- 20. wave a seismic wave that travels along the surface of Earth
Down
- 1. the vibration of Earth produced by the rapid release of energy
- 2. a small earthquake that often precedes a major earthquake
- 3. an instrument that records earthquake waves
- 4. sometimes associated with earthquakes, in which soils and other unconsolidated materials saturated with water are turned into a liquid that is not able to support buildings.
- 5. the Japanese word for a seismic sea wave
- 6. wave earthquake wave that pushes and pulls rocks in the direction of the wave
- 7. core the solid innermost layer of Earth, about 122 0 kilometers in radius
- 11. the location on Earth’s surface directly above the focus, or origin, of an earthquake
- 13. magnitude a more precise measure of earthquake magnitude than the Richter scale
- 16. a small earthquake that follows the main earthquake
- 17. rebound hypothesis the explanation stating that when rocks are deformed, they break, releasing the stored energy that results in the vibrations of an earthquake
- 21. the point within Earth where an earthquake originates