Chapter 8 - Native Americans

3. stray calves with no identifying symbols
6. self-appointed volunteers who tracked down and punished wrongdoers
8. a new invention which enabled hundreds of square miles to be fenced off cheaply and easily
9. main source of food.
10. a vast area of grassland owned by the government
11. to be absorbed
12. explored the region with an army expedition in 1819, called the "Great American Desert"
13. a ritual that celebrated a hoped-for fay of reckoning when settlers would disappear, the buffalo would return, and Native Americans would reunite with their deceased ancestors
15. often yielded big profits
17. cowboys drove nearly 1.5 million head of cattle up this trail to Abilene
19. dug deep beneath the surface
20. a cattle drive that drove 260,000 of them to Missouri
21. roamed vast distances, following their main source of food.

1. this act allotted to each head of household 160 acres of reservation land for farming
2. payments to reservation dwellers, at least once per year.
4. where families could become self-supporting
5. people who plowed the soil on the Plains were called this
7. proposed creating two large reservations on the Plains
14. to plant seeds deep in the ground where there was enough moisture for them to grow
16. using simple equipment like picks, shovels, and pans
18. a tract of public land available for settlement