Chapter 8 - Transport in mammals

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  1. 3. an essential protein found in red blood cells that plays a crucial role in transporting oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body's tissues and facilitating the return of carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the lungs to be exhaled.
  2. 4. atrioventricular node
  3. 5. Valves of a different type separate the ventricles from pulmonary artery (right side) and aorta (left side)
  4. 6. Represents ventricular repolarization (ventricular relaxation).
  5. 10. a physiological phenomenon that describes how changes in blood pH and carbon dioxide (CO2) levels affect the binding and release of oxygen by hemoglobin
  6. 14. leucocyte
  7. 15. a valve between right atrium and right ventricle
  8. 16. Blood is a special tissue of several different types of cell suspended in a liquid medium
  9. 17. the excitation is passed from the atrioventricular node to the base of both ventricles by tiny bundles of conducting fiber
  10. 18. a valve between left atrium and left ventricle
  11. 21. carry blood back to the heart
  12. 22. fine networks of tiny tubes linking arteries and veins.
  13. 24. Represents ventricular depolarization (ventricular contraction).
  14. 25. causes contraction of the heart muscle, allowing blood to be pumped
  15. 26. The principle blood protein
  16. 27. leads to relaxation, allowing the heart chambers to refill with blood.
  17. 28. contraction of heart muscle
Down
  1. 1. an enzyme that plays a critical role in the regulation of acid-base balance and the transport of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood.
  2. 2. also known as the Hamburger phenomenon is a crucial process in the transport of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and the maintenance of ionic balance in red blood cells (RBCs) and the plasma as blood circulates through the body. It involves the exchange of bicarbonate ions (HCO₃⁻) and chloride ions (Cl⁻) across the membrane of RBCs
  3. 7. prevent the backflow of blood
  4. 8. the relationship between hemoglobin and oxygen as the concentration of oxygen around the hemoglobin molecule changes
  5. 9. the largest artery in the human body and is a crucial component of the circulatory system. It carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body
  6. 11. carry blood away from the heart
  7. 12. erythrocyte
  8. 13. Represents atrial depolarization (atrial contraction).
  9. 19. These are tiny packages of cytoplasm containing vesicles of substances that, when released, have a role in the blood clotting mechanism
  10. 20. relaxation of heart muscle
  11. 23. the sinoatrial node (SA node)