Chapter 8 Vocabulary

3. Forming the energy-storage molecule NADPH.
5. Catabolic pathway in which organic molecules are broken down to release energy for use by the cell.
9. Includes the Krebs cycle and electron transport and is an aerobic process.
10. Anaerobic process; the first stage of cellular respiration in which glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate.
11. The fluid-filled space that is outside the grana.
12. All of the chemical reactions in a cell are referred to as the cell's metabolism.
14. Energy can be converted from one form to another, but it cannot be created nor destroyed.
17. the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle.
18. Is the study of the flow and transformation of energy in the universe.
20. are found in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts.
21. Which energy is stored in organic molecules such as glucose.

1. (ATP) Is the most important biological molecule that provides chemical energy.
2. Do not require oxygen.
4. Anabolic pathway in which light energy from the sun is converted to chemical energy for use by the cell.
6. in the chloroplast, are one of the stacked flattened, pigment-containing membranes in which light-dependent reactions occur.
7. is a metabolic process that requires oxygen.
8. process in which NAD+ is regenerated, allowing cells to maintain glycolysis in the absence of oxygen.
13. A stacked portion of the thylakoid membrane in the chloroplast.
15. Enzyme converts inorganic carbon dioxide molecules into organic molecules during the final step of the Calvin cycle.
16. Energy cannot be converted without the loss of usable energy, that is entropy-disorder or unusable energy increases.
19. Cellular processes require energy-the ability to do work.