chapter 9

4. Practices that prevent contamination by infectious microorganisms.
6. (Sanitization)A cleansing process that removes microbes and debris to reduce contamination to safe levels.
7. A chemical agent that kills fungi, including yeast and fungal spores.
9. Highly resistant bacterial structures capable of surviving extreme environmental conditions.
10. The lowest temperature required to kill all microbes in 10 minutes.
12. A chemical agent that kills bacteria but not endospores.
13. The use of physical or chemical agents to destroy vegetative pathogens on nonliving surfaces.
14. An agent capable of destroying bacterial endospores.
15. A method of preserving microbes by freezing and drying them under vacuum.

1. The shortest time required to kill all microbes at a specific temperature.
2. A chemical agent that inactivates viruses.
3. A heat treatment used to kill pathogens in liquids while preserving flavor and nutrients.
5. An agent that prevents bacterial growth without killing the bacteria.
8. The process that destroys or removes all microorganisms, including endospores and viruses.
11. Reduction of microbes on living tissues such as skin.