Chapter 9 Creations

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Across
  1. 3. any substance undergoing the chemical or physical change
  2. 7. When change absorbs heat
  3. 8. cycle that is an application of Hess's law that breaks down the formation of an ionic solid into indiviual steps (uses arrows)
  4. 10. Different __________ distances produce different lattice energies
  5. 12. Energy is stored in a substance when the ________ energy of its atoms/molecules is raised
  6. 14. defined as the sum of a system's internal energy
  7. 16. SI unit of heat, wor, and energy
  8. 18. What energy is measured as in units
  9. 19. transfer of thermal energy between two bodies at different temperatures
  10. 23. The study of heat that is absorbed or released during a chemical or physical change
  11. 24. When change releases heat
  12. 25. Energy must be _______ to break chemical bonds in an endothermic process
  13. 26. Law that claims that if a process can be written as the sum of several stepwise processes, enthalpy change of total process equals sum of enthalpy changes in other steps
Down
  1. 1. _________ Molecules exist because covalent bonds hold the atoms together
  2. 2. Value when enthalpy change is change in enthalpy < 0; exothermic
  3. 4. Ionic compound is stable because of the ____________ attraction between the positive and negative ions
  4. 5. ______ energy is the kinetic energy associated with the random motion of atoms and molecules
  5. 6. The energy of an object determined by its motion
  6. 9. The energy of an object is determined by the position
  7. 11. measured as "hot" or "cold"
  8. 13. Technique used to measure amounts of heat transferred to or from a substance
  9. 15. Value when enthalpy change is change on enthalpy > 0; endothermic
  10. 17. ____________ work occurs when system pushes back the surroundings against restraining pressure or when surroundings compress the system.
  11. 20. _________ energy of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of a solid into gaseous ions
  12. 21. system that serves to provide heat or absorb heat
  13. 22. _______ Calorimeter; used to measure energy produced by reactions with large amounts of heat and gaseous product (combustion reactions)
  14. 24. The capacity to supply heat or do work