Across
- 2. anything that increases a specific behavior
- 3. a theory of motivation that holds that the probability of an individual acting in a particular way depends on the strength of that individual's belief that the ACT will have a particular outcome on whether the individual values that Outcome
- 4. A theory of motivation developed by Abraham Maslow; Hold the humans have five levels of needs and act to satisfy their unmet needs. At the base of the hierarchy are fundamental psychological needs, followed in order by safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization needs.
- 7. something that prompts a person to release his or her energy in a certain direction
- 9. a scheduling option that allows two individuals to split the tasks, responsibilities, and work hours of one 40-hour per week job
- 11. A theory of motivation it holds that worker satisfaction is influenced by employees perceptions about how fairly they are treated compared with their coworkers
- 12. a theory of motivation based on the premise that an individual's intention of work toward a goal is a primary source of motivation
- 14. anything that decreases a specific behavior
- 17. a management style, formulated by Douglas McGregor, that is based on a pessimistic view of human nature and assumes that the average person dislikes work, will avoid it if possible, prefers to be directed, avoids responsibility, and wants security above all
- 19. a management style, formulated by Douglas McGregor, that is based on a relatively optimistic view of human nature; assumes that the average person wants to work, accepts responsibility, and is willing to help solve problems, and can be self-directed and self-controlled
- 21. the vertical expansion of a job by increasing the employee's autonomy, responsibility, and decision-making Authority
Down
- 1. the phenomenon that employees perform better when they feel singled out for attention or feel that management is concerned about their welfare
- 5. intrinsic elements of the work environment that do not serve as a source of employees satisfaction or motivation
- 6. The horizontal expansion of a job by increasing the number and variety of tasks that a person performs
- 8. the shifting of workers from one job to another; also called cross training
- 10. Theory A theory of motivation that holds that people do things because they know that certain consequences will follow
- 13. A theory developed by William algae that combines us and Japanese business practices by emphasizing long-term employment, slow career development, moderate specialization, group decision making, individual responsibility, relatively informal control over the employee, and concern for workers
- 15. They got between what is and what is required
- 16. a system of management developed by Frederick W. Taylor and based on four principles: developing a scientific approach for each element of a job, scientifically selecting and training workers, encouraging cooperation between workers and managers, and dividing work and responsibility between management and workers according to who can better perform a particular task
- 18. Intrinsic job elements that lead to worker satisfaction
- 20. The gap between what is and what is desired