Across
- 4. the process when an atom or an ion loses electrons
- 6. the formation of ATP from ADP and a phosphorylated intermediate
- 8. process used by plants and other autotrophs to capture light energy and use it to power chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy-rich carbohydrates such as sugars and starches
- 9. principal pigment of plants and other photosynthetic organisms
- 13. (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) carrier molecule that transfers high-energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules
- 14. saclike photosynthetic membranes found in chloroplasts
- 16. series of electron carrier proteins that shuttle high-energy electrons during ATP-generating reactions
- 17. organism that obtains food by consuming other living things; also called a consumer
- 18. compound used by cells to store and release energy
- 19. cluster of proteins that span the thylakoid membrane and allow hydrogen ions (H+) to pass through it
Down
- 1. a reaction in which electrons are added to a compound
- 2. the process of diffusion of ions across a selectively permeable membrane
- 3. organism that is able to capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds; also called a producer
- 5. set of reactions in photosynthesis that do not require light; energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugar; also called the Calvin cycle
- 7. set of reactions in photosynthesis that use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH
- 10. the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugar
- 11. fluid portion of the chloroplast; outside of the thylakoids
- 12. light-absorbing molecules used by plants to gather the sun’s energy
- 15. cluster of chlorophyll and proteins found in thylakoids