Chapters 25 to 29

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Across
  1. 3. The energy currency on which our cells run
  2. 6. NAD and FAD are two
  3. 8. Level of structure that contains the sequences of nucleotides in nucleic acids
  4. 9. The catabolism of glucose to two pyruvates
  5. 10. Carbohydrate of the blood that catabolizes into precursors of the citric acid cycle
  6. 12. A cofactor that leaves reduced from the citric acid cycle with only one hydrogen attached
  7. 13. Phosphate + Sugar + Base
  8. 14. The sugar found in the nucleotides of DNA
  9. 16. A and G
  10. 17. Contains nucleotides with ribose sugar, phosphate, and the four bases: adenine, uracil, guanine, and cytosine
  11. 18. Complementary pair in DNA
  12. 19. Acid Large molecules composed of nucleotides; found as a double helix in DNA and as the single strands of RNA
  13. 21. Complementary pair in DNA only
  14. 22. The reaction that transfers an amino group from an amino acid to make it into a intermediate or precursor of the citric acid cycle
  15. 24. The sugar found in the nucleotides of RNA
  16. 27. an RNA that places a specific amino acid into a peptide chain at the ribosome using an anticodon
  17. 28. The interpretation of the codons in mRNA as amino acids in a peptide
  18. 31. A base unique to DNA
  19. 32. The structure used to store glucose in the liver for later use to regulate blood sugar levels
  20. 33. A mutation that inserts or deletes a base in a DNA sequence
  21. 34. Reaction that occurs at the beta carbon of a fatty acid to catabolize it to acetyl-coA
  22. 36. The type of intermolecular force that holds the DNA double helix together by the complementary base pairs
  23. 39. A base unique to RNA
  24. 40. Complementary pari in RNA only
  25. 41. The orientation of DNA strands in its secondary structure
Down
  1. 1. A change in the DNA base sequence that alters the formation of a protein in the cell
  2. 2. The number of ATP that can be produced from FAD when it interacts with the electron transport chain
  3. 4. C, T, and U
  4. 5. The number of ATP that can be produced from NAD (produced in the matrix) when it interacts with the electron transport chain
  5. 7. The product of oxidative deamination that has to be disposed of by the urea cycle
  6. 9. The anabolic pathway that makes glucose from amino acids, lactate, and citric acid cycle intermediates that can convert to pyruvate
  7. 11. The process of breaking big molecules down into smaller ones
  8. 15. The transfer of genetic information from DNA by the formation of mRNA
  9. 16. The product of glycolysis
  10. 17. the most prevalent type of RNA and a major component of the ribosomes
  11. 20. The abberviation for the cyclic pathway that oxidizes a two-carbon molecule to produced reduced cofactors
  12. 23. The part of the mitochondrion organelle which the citric acid cycle and eletron transport chain inhabit
  13. 25. Nitrogen-containing compounds of purine and pyrimidine found in DNA and RNA
  14. 26. A cofactor that leaves reduced from the citric acid cycle with two hydrogen attached
  15. 29. Sugar + Base
  16. 30. A sequence of three bases in mRNA that specifies a certain amino acid to be placed in a protein. A few of these signal the start or stop of protein synthesis
  17. 35. Contains nucleotides with deoxyribose sugar, phosphate, and the four bases: adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine
  18. 37. The abbreviation for the final part of ATP synthesis where protons are pumped out of the matrix into the innermembrane space to create a pH gradient to fuel the production of ATP
  19. 38. Produced in the nucleus from DNA to carry the genetic information to the ribosomes for the construction of a protein