Across
- 2. The science and technology of extracting metals from their ores, refining them, and preparing them for use
- 5. The measure of water vapor content in the air, often expressed as a percentage of the maximum amount that the air could hold at the given temperature
- 8. A device or system used to transfer heat between two or more fluids at different temperatures, often used in industrial processes
- 9. A type of chemical bond formed between ions of opposite charges, typically involving the transfer of electrons
- 11. A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction by providing an alternative reaction pathway with lower activation energy
- 12. Having uniform physical properties in all directions, often used to describe materials or substances
- 13. A synthetic polymer with a wide range of applications, including textiles, plastics, and engineering materials
- 14. A quantitative relationship between reactants and products in a chemical reaction, often involving mole ratios
- 16. Large, complex molecules essential for life processes, including proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids
- 17. The fourth state of matter, consisting of ionized gas exhibiting collective behavior
- 19. The branch of mechanics concerned with the motion of bodies under the action of forces
- 20. The process of separating the components of a mixture based on differences in their volatilities, typically involving heating and condensation
Down
- 1. The process of reducing materials to small particles by crushing or grinding
- 3. A thermodynamic process or system in which no heat is exchanged with the surroundings
- 4. The branch of chemistry and physics concerned with the rates of chemical reactions and the factors that influence them
- 6. A laboratory technique used to separate and analyze mixtures of compounds based on their differential migration through a stationary phase under the influence of a mobile phase
- 7. The pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its liquid phase at a given temperature
- 10. A chemical reaction involving the loss of electrons by a substance, often accompanied by the addition of oxygen or the removal of hydrogen
- 15. Molecules that have the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements, resulting in different chemical and physical properties
- 18. State of matter characterized by its ability to flow and conform to the shape of its container, with a fixed volume but no fixed shape
