Chemistry

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  1. 7. is a chemical reaction that releases energy through light or heat.
  2. 8. Model was the first atomic model and was developed by John Dalton in the early 19th century.
  3. 9. is a pure substance that is made from a single type of atom
  4. 10. is any substance that has mass and takes up space by having volume.
  5. 12. firm and stable in shape; not liquid or fluid.
  6. 13. a thing that is composed of two or more separate elements; a mixture.
  7. 14. the conversion of a vapor or gas to a liquid.
  8. 20. able to be dissolved, especially in water.
  9. 21. is a chemical element with the symbol C and atomic number 6. It is nonmetallic and tetravalent—making four electrons available to form covalent chemical bonds.
  10. 23. are a group in the periodic table consisting of five chemically related elements: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine (I), and astatine.
  11. 25. a substance made by mixing other substances together.
  12. 26. are the chemical elements in group 16 of the periodic table.
  13. 29. is simply an element that does not display the properties of a metal. It is not defined by what it is, but by what it is not.
  14. 31. make up a group of chemical elements with similar properties; under standard conditions, they are all odorless, colorless, monatomic gases with very low chemical reactivity.
  15. 32. is the artificial execution of useful chemical reactions to obtain one or several products.
  16. 34. is the sub-field of chemistry dealing with radioactivity, nuclear processes, and transformations in the nuclei of atoms, such as nuclear transmutation and nuclear properties.
  17. 35. is a nearly incompressible fluid that conforms to the shape of its container but retains a constant volume independent of pressure.
  18. 36. has electrons surrounded by a volume of positive charge, like negatively-charged "plums" embedded in a positively-charged "pudding"
  19. 37. a solution is a special type of homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances.
  20. 38. a chemical reaction that proceeds more rapidly than it ordinarily would because of the influence of a second and faster reaction in the same system.
  21. 40. is the transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas state, without passing through the liquid state.
  22. 43. is one of the four fundamental states of matter.
  23. 44. becoming liquefied by heat.
  24. 45. is a type of vaporization that occurs on the surface of a liquid as it changes into the gas phase.
  25. 47. is the smallest constituent unit of ordinary matter that constitutes a chemical element.
  26. 48. the medieval forerunner of chemistry, based on the supposed transformation of matter. It was concerned particularly with attempts to convert base metals into gold or to find a universal elixir.
  27. 49. is a branch of chemistry that studies the structure, properties and reactions of organic compounds, which contain carbon in covalent bonding.
  28. 50. tend to be associated with the vertical columns on the periodic table
Down
  1. 1. consisting of parts all of the same kind.
  2. 2. is a branch of chemistry focused on the application of quantum mechanics in physical models and experiments of chemical systems.
  3. 3. are the building blocks of rocks.
  4. 4. denoting a process involving substances in different phases (solid, liquid, or gaseous).
  5. 5. is the study of matter, its properties, how and why substances combine or separate to form other substances, and how substances interact with energy.
  6. 6. is a class of physical phenomena that are mediated by magnetic fields.
  7. 11. is an element that readily forms positive ions (cations) and has metallic bonds.
  8. 15. is the name given to a horizontal row of the periodic table.
  9. 16. is the unit of measurement for amount of substance in the International System of Units.
  10. 17. relating to or denoting chemical bonds formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms.
  11. 18. is the study of macroscopic, and particulate phenomena in chemical systems in terms of the principles, practices, and concepts of physics such as motion, energy, force, time, thermodynamics, quantum chemistry, statistical mechanics, analytical dynamics and chemical equilibrium.
  12. 19. is an element that has properties that are intermediate between those of metals and nonmetals.
  13. 22. cause (a substance) to be deposited in solid form from a solution.
  14. 24. a coherent, typically large body of matter with no definite shape.
  15. 27. a self-replicating material which is present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes.
  16. 28. is the science of obtaining, processing, and communicating information about the composition and structure of matter.
  17. 30. is an electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds.
  18. 33. deals with synthesis and behavior of inorganic and organometallic compounds.
  19. 39. is any process which requires or absorbs energy from its surroundings, usually in the form of heat.
  20. 41. are the structural units (monomers) that make up proteins. They join together to form short polymer chains called peptides or longer chains called either polypeptides or proteins
  21. 42. an expert in chemistry; a person engaged in chemical research or experiments.
  22. 46. which the negatively charged electrons orbit a small, positively charged nucleus similar to the planets orbiting the sun (except that the orbits are not planar).