Across
- 3. material that is capable of igniting and burning
- 4. abbreviated O/W emulsion; oil droplets emulsified in water
- 11. alcohols that evaporate easily
- 14. a substance that causes an increase in cellular mutations, some of which are harmful but others which have little or no effect on the body’s function; may cause cancer but not always
- 15. chemical reaction that requires the absorption of energy or heat from an external source for the reaction to occur
- 19. the smallest chemical components (often called particles) of an element
- 23. required by law for all products sold include safety information about products compiled by the manufacturer, including hazardous ingredients, safe use and handling procedures, proper disposal guidelines, and precautions to reduce the risk of accidental harm or overexposure
- 24. a stable, uniform mixture of two or more substances
- 25. a measure of the acidity and alkalinity of a substance
- 32. also known as bases; compounds that react with acids to form salts
- 33. an ingredient that brings two normally incompatible materials together and binds them into a uniform and fairly stable mixture
- 37. an ion with a negative electrical charge
- 39. a colorless liquid or white crystals with a strong unpleasant odor that is used in permanent waving solutions
- 40. the abbreviation used for potential hydrogen.
- 44. the substance that is dissolved in a solution
- 45. abbreviated W/O emulsion; water droplets emulsified in oil
- 46. colorless gas with a pungent odor that is composed of hydrogen and nitrogen
- 47. the simplest form of chemical matter; an element cannot be broken down into a simpler substance without a loss of identity
- 48. an atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge
- 49. chemical reaction that releases a significant amount of heat
- 51. sweet, colorless, oily substance used as a solvent and as a moisturizer in skin and body creams
- 54. abbreviated VOCs; compounds that contain carbon (organic) and evaporate very easily (volatile)
- 55. liquids that are mutually soluble, meaning that they can be mixed together to form stable solutions
- 56. subatomic particles with no charge
- 57. a substance that causes or is believed to cause cancer
Down
- 1. also known as redox; a chemical reaction in which the oxidizing agent is reduced (by losing oxygen) and the reducing agent is oxidized (by gaining oxygen)
- 2. a solution that has a pH below 7
- 5. rapid oxidation of a substance accompanied by the production of heat and light
- 6. a contraction of surface active agents; substances that allow oil and water to mix, or emulsify
- 7. an alpha hydroxy acid used in exfoliation and to lower the pH of products
- 8. molecule containing two or more atoms of the same element in definite (fixed) proportions
- 9. the substance that dissolves the solute and makes a solution
- 10. special type of oil used in hair conditioners, water-resistant lubricants for the skin, and nail polish dryers
- 12. abbreviated AHAs; acids derived from plants (mostly fruit) that are often used to exfoliate the skin
- 13. a chemical combination of matter in definite (fixed) proportions
- 15. an unstable physical mixture of two or more immiscible substances (substances that normally will not stay mixed) plus a special ingredient called an emulsifier
- 16. when acids are mixed with alkalis in equal proportions, balancing the total pH and forming water (H2O) and a salt
- 17. a change in the form or physical properties of a substance without a chemical reaction or the creation of a new substance
- 18. unstable physical mixtures of undissolved particles in a liquid
- 20. substances that should not be mixed or even stored near each other
- 21. a substance that releases oxygen
- 22. a substance that adds hydrogen to a chemical compound or subtracts oxygen from the compound
- 26. characteristics that can be determined without a chemical reaction and that do not cause a chemical change in the substance
- 27. liquids that are not capable of being mixed together to form stable solutions
- 28. a change in the chemical composition or makeup of a substance
- 29. material that is capable of igniting and burning, and easier to ignite than combustible material
- 30. a solution that has a pH above 7
- 31. characteristics that can be determined only by a chemical reaction and a chemical change in the substance
- 34. the separation of an atom or molecule into positive and negative ions
- 35. subatomic particles with a negative charge
- 36. a very strong alkali used in chemical products and cleaners; commonly known as lye
- 38. alkaline substances used to neutralize acids or raise the pH of many hair products
- 41. easily absorbs moisture; in chemistry terms, capable of combining with or attracting water (water-loving)
- 42. any substance that occupies space and has mass
- 43. subatomic particles with a positive charge
- 50. an ion with a positive electrical charge
- 52. science that deals with the composition, structures, and properties of matter and how matter changes under different conditions
- 53. a chemical combination of two or more atoms in definite (fixed) proportions