Across
- 2. branch of chemistry dedicated to the study of compounds containing carbon (organic compounds)
- 4. mixture with a uniform composition throughout
- 7. lipid that has at least one double bond between carbon atoms in the tail chain and can accommodate at least one more hydrogen atom
- 8. molecule made from monomers that are linked together by a series of covalent bonds
- 9. specific location where a substrate binds on an enzyme
- 10. lipid that has a tail chain with only single bonds between the carbon atoms; no more hydrogen atoms can bond
- 11. repeating units of identical or nearly identical compounds
- 14. electrostatic attraction in water; weak interaction involving a hydrogen atom and a fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen atom
- 15. heterogenous mixture in which the particles do not settle out
- 16. negatively charged particle
- 17. another term for a homogenous mixture
- 19. particle that contains no charge
- 20. substance that lowers the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction
- 23. special lipid responsible for the structure and function of the cell membrane
- 25. pure substance that cannot be chemically interconverted or broken down into simpler substances
- 28. central core of an atom; consists of protons and neutrons
- 31. compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms for each carbon atom; primarily functions as energy sources (i.e. simple sugars)
- 34. process by which atoms or groups of atoms in substances are reorganized into different substances
- 35. positively charged particle
- 38. substance that releases hydrogen ions when dissolved in water
- 39. molecules made mostly of carbon and hydrogen that make up fats, oils, and waxes; composed of fatty acids, glycerol, etc.; primarily function to store energy
- 41. heterogenous mixture in which the particles settle to the bottom over time
- 42. compound in which the atoms are held together by covalent bonds
- 43. substance in which another substance is dissolved in a solution
- 45. mixture that can react with acids or bases to keep the pH within a particular range
- 46. starting substances in a chemical reaction; on the left side of the arrow
- 47. substances formed during a chemical reaction; on the right side of the arrow
- 50. minimum amount of energy needed for reactants to form products in a chemical reaction
- 51. organized table consisting of all 118 chemical elements and important data regarding each
- 53. carbon-based substance that is the basis of living matter
- 54. complex macromolecules that store and transmit genetic information
- 55. principle that states that in a chemical reaction matter cannot be created or destroyed
Down
- 1. small compounds that are made of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, and sometimes sulfur; generally all share the same structure
- 3. basic unit, building block of matter
- 5. chemical reaction that releases heat; the energy of the products is lower than the energy of the reactants
- 6. reactant that binds to the enzyme
- 12. large molecule that is formed by joining smaller organic molecules together
- 13. chemical bond that forms when electrons are shared
- 18. category of lipids that include substances like cholesterol, hormones; contain four rings of carbon atoms
- 20. pure substance formed when two or more elements combine
- 21. mixture in which the components remain distinct and can be detected individually
- 22. measure of concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution; utilized to determine how acidic or basic a solution is
- 24. atom that has lost or gained one or more electrons and carries an electric charge
- 26. combination of two or more substances in which each substance retains its individual characteristics and properties
- 27. small repeating subunits that are composed of nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and hydrogen atoms arranged in a specific way; there are six major kinds of these, all of which contain three units: a phosphate, a nitrogenous base, and a ribose sugar
- 29. chemical reaction that absorbs heat; the energy of the products is higher than the energy of the reactants
- 30. number written in front of a reactant or product in a chemical equation
- 32. compound made of small carbon compounds called amino acids; complex and function most of the body
- 33. chemical equations that displays the same number of atoms for each element on both the reactant and product side of the equation
- 36. representation of a chemical reaction using symbols of the elements and chemical formulas to indicate what constitutes each reactant and product
- 37. attractive forces between positively and negatively charged regions of neutral molecules that pull on the molecules and hold them together, attracting the molecules when they come close together
- 40. molecules that have an unequal distribution of charges; have oppositely charged regions
- 41. substance that is dissolved in the solvent in a solution
- 44. special proteins; the biological catalysts that speed up the rate of chemical reactions in biological processes
- 48. electrical attraction between two oppositely charged atoms or groups of atoms (ions)
- 49. atoms of the same element that have different quantities of neutrons in their nuclei; usually contain radioactivity
- 52. substance that releases hydroxide ions when dissolved in water