Chemistry Vocabulary

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  1. 2. substance A substance that has definite physical and chemical properties; stands alone
  2. 3. Symbol Abbreviation that represents an element on the periodic table; 1st letter is always capitalized; any extra characters are lower case; ex: H, Ne
  3. 5. Mendeleev A Scientist credited with organizing the modern periodic table by properties of known elements
  4. 7. A pure substance composed of 2 or more elements that are chemically combined. Most of what is used/seen on a daily basis.
  5. 9. Physical Properties of Metalloids: Solids; Can be shiny or dull; Ductile; Malleable; Conduct heat and electricity better than nonmetals but not as well as metals. Periodic Table- found along the zigzag line. Examples: Boron; Silicon; Germanium; Arsenic; Antimony; Tellurium; Polonium. Hint: not all that are along the zigzag line are metalloids
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  1. 1. A pure substance that cannot be separated into a simpler substance by physical means. There are a limited # of elements on Earth!!! Made up of 1 type of atom.
  2. 2. Table Organized chart of the elements found on earth based on their properties, chemical symbol, and classification (metals, nonmetals, metalloids)
  3. 4. Physical Properties of Nonmetals: No luster (dull appearance); Poor conductor of heat and electricity; Brittle (breaks easily); Not ductile; Not malleable; Low density; Low melting point. Chemical Properties of Nonmetals: Tend to gain electrons. Examples: Hydrogen; Carbon; Nitrogen; Oxygen; Phosphorus; Sulfur; Selenium; etc.
  4. 6. Physical Properties of Metals: Luster (shininess); Good conductors of heat and electricity; High density (heavy for their size); High melting point; Ductile (most metals can be drawn out into thin wires); Malleable (most metals can be hammered into thin sheets). Chemical Properties of Metals: Easily lose electrons; Corrode easily. Corrosion is a gradual wearing away. (Example: silver tarnishing and iron rusting)Examples: Nickel; Copper; Titanium; Calcium; Sodium; Ununilium; etc
  5. 8. The smallest unit of an element that can maintain properties of that element